Female Reproductive System

Front 1

name the parts of the fallopian/uterine tube

Back 1

fimbrae

infandibulum

ampulla

isthmus

Front 2

what type of cells make up the germinal epithelium

Back 2

simple cuboidal epithelium

covers the ovary

NOT germinal despite its name

Front 3

name the stages of follicle maturation

Back 3

primordial follicle

primary follicle

secondary follicle

tertiary follicle

Front 4

what type of cells are found in the primordial follicle

Back 4

single layer of flattened follicular cells

Front 5

what type of oocyte if found within the primordial follicle

Back 5

primary oocyte

Front 6

what are the two types of primary follicles

Back 6

unilaminar primary

multilaminar primary

Front 7

describe the unilaminar primary follicle

Back 7

single layer of cuboidal follicular cells

Front 8

what type of oocyte is found within the unilaminar primary follicle

Back 8

primary oocyte

Front 9

descrive the multilaminar primary follicle

Back 9

no antrum

multiple layers of follicular cells- stimulated by FSH

theca begins to organize

Front 10

what type of oocyte is within the multilaminar primary follicle

Back 10

primary oocyte

Front 11

describe the secondary follicle

Back 11

multiple layers of follicular cells

theca is organized

start of an antrum - call exner bodies

Front 12

what structures can be found within the secondary follicle?

Back 12

primary oocyte

zona pelucida

corona radiata

antrum

granulosa cells

theca interna

theca externa

Front 13

what type of cells are found within the theca interna

Back 13

steroid secreting cells

Front 14

what do the cells in the theca interna secrete?

Back 14

secrete androstendioe

Front 15

what stimulates the cells found within the theca interna

Back 15

LH

Front 16

what type of cells are found within the theca externa

Back 16

fibroblasts

Front 17

what is the tertiary follicle also called?

Back 17

graafian follicle

Front 18

descrive the appearance of a tertiary follicle

Back 18

looks like a secondary follicle

bulges out of the ovary

one or two percycle

Front 19

describe a primary oocyte

Back 19

arrested in prophase I of meiosis

Front 20

when is meiosis I completed?

Back 20

just prior to ovulation

Front 21

when does the primary oocyte become the secondary oocyte

Back 21

when meiosis II starts and arrests in metaphase II

Front 22

which type of oocyte if ovulated?

Back 22

secondary oocyte

Front 23

what happens to the secondary oocyte if its fertilized

Back 23

meiosis II is completed and a secondary polar body forms

Front 24

what is atresia

Back 24

degeneration - can occur at any stage of follicle development

Front 25

what happens during atresia

Back 25

apoptosis of granulosa cells

autolysis of oocyte

macrophages help clean up leftover debris

Front 26

what hormone induces the completion of meiosis

Back 26

LH surge

Front 27

what happens during ovulation

Back 27

meiosis completes

graafian follicle ruptures

as a result - blood and follicular fluid leave the ovary

LH causes follicle to become corpus luteum

then it becomes corpus albicans

Front 28

what happens after ovulation to the follicle

Back 28

follicle involutes

theca externa contracts

granulosa cells collapse

theca interna invade into granulosa cells

theca interna cells become theca lutein cells

follicular cells become granulosa lutein cells

Front 29

what do theca lutein cells secrete

Back 29

progesterone and androstendione

Front 30

what do the granulosa lutein cells secrete

Back 30

progesterone and estradiol

Front 31

what happens to the corpus luteum if there is no fertilization

Back 31

involutes within 14 days to a corpus albicans

Front 32

what happens to the corpus luteum if there is successful fertilization

Back 32

involutes within 4-6 mont to a corpus albicans

produces relaxin

Front 33

which cells are lighter staining theca lutein or granulosa lutein

Back 33

granulosa lutein

Front 34

what is the action of HCG

Back 34

targets corpus luteum of pregnancy

stimulates secretion of progesterone

maintained by HCG for 4-5 months until placenta makes enough progesterone and estrogens

then becomes corpus albicans

Front 35

what is corpus albicans

Back 35

scar tissue

macrophages phagocytose debris
- hemosiderin can be found in macrophages- brown in color

Front 36

where does fertilization take place?

Back 36

ampulla of uterine tube

Front 37

what is the narrowing of the oviduct called near the uterus

Back 37

isthmus

Front 38

what part of the oviduct opens to the uterus

Back 38

intramural segment

Front 39

what are the layers of the oviduct

Back 39

mucosa

muscle

serosa

Front 40

what makes up the mucosa layer of the oviduct

Back 40

simple columnar epithelium

lamina propria

Front 41

what type of cells are found within the simple columnar epithelial layer of the mucosa of the oviduct and what is their importance

Back 41

ciliated cell-- helps with the movement of ovum

secretory non-ciliated cells - aka peg cells
-produce tubal fluid rich in K+, Cl- and Ig

Front 42

what type of epithelium is found in the isthmus of the oviduct

Back 42

simple columnar epithelium with ciliated cells and secretory non-ciliated cells

Front 43

what type of epithelium is found in the infundibulum of the oviduct

Back 43

simple columnar epithelium with ciliated cells and secretory non-ciliated cells

same as those found in the isthmus

Front 44

name the layers of the uterus

Back 44

endometrium - mucosa

myometrium- 3 layers of smooth muscle

perimetrium - serosa or adventitia

Front 45

what is the endometrium lined with

Back 45

simple columnar epithelium

Front 46

name the two divisions of the endometrium

Back 46

stratum basalis

stratum functionalis

Front 47

which part of the endometrium is shed during menstruation

Back 47

stratum functionalis

Front 48

what are the two classes of arteries that supply the endometrium

Back 48

straight arteries

spiral arteries

Front 49

what is the arterial supply to the stratum basale

Back 49

straight arteries

Front 50

what is the arterial supply to the stratum functionalis

Back 50

spiral arteries

Front 51

name the 3 phases of the uterine cycle

Back 51

proliferative phase

secretory phase

menstruation phase

Front 52

what happens during the proliferative phase

Back 52

estrogen levels are high here

straight glands increase in length

glycogen content increases

endometrium increases in thickness

Front 53

what happens during the secretory phase of the uterine cycle

Back 53

controlled by progesterone

glands become tortuous

coiled arteries extend

veins distend

stratum functionalis sheds during menstruationq

Front 54

which layer is stained darkly basalis or functionalis

Back 54

basalis

functionalis is lightly stained

Front 55

what are the two parts of the cervix

Back 55

ectocervix

endocervix

Front 56

what type of epithelium is found in the ectocervix?

Back 56

SSNK

Front 57

where is the endocervix

Back 57

between the uterus and vaginal cavities

Front 58

what type of epithelium is found in the endocervix

Back 58

simple columnar epithelium(mucous secreting) - provides lubrication

Front 59

what are nabothian cysts

Back 59

SSNK epithelium covers mucous secreting epithelium at the external os

epithelium change can lead to cancer

Front 60

describe the cervical mucous during the proliferative phase

Back 60

mucin is thin and water

alka