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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does the national or federal judicial body consist of? |
Supreme Court of the United States and Federal Courts |
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What two types of jurisdiction does the Supreme Court have? |
Appellate and limited original |
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What is appellate jurisdiction? |
Appellate jurisdiction means it can review the decisions of lower courts. |
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What is limited original jurisdiction? |
Limited original jurisdiction means that it can hear some cases before any other court hears them. |
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What is meant by the Supreme Courts power of judicial review? |
Judicial review means that it can decide if laws passed by the legislative branch or actions taken by the executive branch agree with the constitution. |
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Name two other federal courts. |
US Court of Appeals and the US District Court. |
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What is the lowest level of the federal court system. |
US District Court |
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Name two distinctive attributes of the federal courts. |
They have no jury and justices are appointed for life. |
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How many district courts are in the US? |
ninety-four (94) |
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What is the highest judicial level in Virginia? |
Virginia Supreme Court |
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What is the judicial level below the Virginia Supreme Court? |
Court of Appeals of Virginia |
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What is the court below the Court of Appeals of Virginia? |
The Circuit Court |
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What are two attributes of the Circuit Court? |
They have a jury and judges. |
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What are the names of the two lower courts of Virginia? |
The General District Courts and Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court which have no jury, just a judge who makes the final ruling. |
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What two conflicts do the US courts decide? |
Civil and Criminal |
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What are the names of the two parties involved in a dispute in a courtroom? |
Plaintiff and Defendant |
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What does Criminal Law deal with? |
Illegal acts or Crimes |
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What are the two categories of crimes? |
Misdemeanor and Felony |
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What is a misdemeanor crime? |
A minor crime that usually results in short jail time and smaller fines. |
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What is a felony? |
A more serious crime that results in more than a year in jail or the death penalty. |
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What is probable cause? |
When police have a reasonable belief that the person committed the crime. |
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What is bail? |
A sum of money that is given to the court that allows the person to be temporarily be released from jail. |
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What is arraignment? |
When probable cause is reviewed, an attorney is appointed and a plea is entered. |
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What is a plea? |
When the defendant states his guilt or innocence. |
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What is Due Process of Law? |
Americans constitutional protection against unfair governmental actions and laws. |
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In what two amendments is due process described? |
Fifth amendment, protecting citizens from the national government and Fourteenth amendment protecting citizens form the state and local government. |
