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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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John Bowlby: Attachment Theory
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the ability to make strong emotional bonds is innate,
these bonds have survival value, bonds are maintained by instinctive behaviors that create and sustain proximity |
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John Bowlby:Ethological Perspectives
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believe the first 2 years constitute a sensitive period for attachment in human infants
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Attachment
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a emotional bond in which a person's sense of security is bound up in the relationship
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Synchrony
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opportunity for parent and infant to form a mutual interlocking pattern of attachment behaviors,
takes practice to develop until each participant follows the other, |
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Establishing Attachment
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Bowlby suggest 4 phases
1-nonfocused orienting and signaling 0-3months, 2-Focus on one or more figures 3-6months, 3-Secure base behavior 6-24months, 4-Internal model, child can imagine how her behavior affects bonds with caregivers 24+months |
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Attachment Behaviors
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stranger anxiety,
separation anxiety-infants cry/protest when separated from mother, social reference-uses cues from caregivers facial expressions, |
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Insecure/Avoidant Attachment
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mother rejects or regularly withdraws from infant,
mother overly intrusive or overly stimulating |
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Insecure/Ambivalent Attachment
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primary caregiver inconsistently or unreliably available to child
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Insecure/Disorganized Attachment
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likely when child has been abused, or when parent has unresolved childhood trauma
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Emotional Availability
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caregiver who is able and willing to form an emotional attachment
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Contingent Responsiveness
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caregivers who are sensitive to the child's cues and respond appropriately
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Long Term Consequences of the securely attached
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more sociable,
more positive in realtionships with friends, less clinging and dependent on teachers, less aggressive and disruptive, more emotionally mature, |
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Personality
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stable patterns in how people relate to those around them
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Temperament
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basic behavioral and emotional predispositions
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The Subjective Self
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awareness by the child that he is separate from others and endures over time
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The Objective Self
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toddler comes to understand he is an object in the world, self has properties such as gender
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Effects of Nonparental care on cognitive development
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high quality day care is beneficial for poor children, but middle-class children have lower reading and math scores
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Effects of Nonparental Care on social development
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infant daycare has negative effects on attachment if started under 1 year,
parents with insecure attachment affect their children negatively |
