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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is a fault? |
fractures formed by brittle deformation in a rock which show observable movement or displacement |
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what is the faultplane? |
the surface along which movement takes place |
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what is the hanging wall? |
the side of the fault that lies above the fault plane |
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what is the foot wall? |
the side of the fault that lies below the fault plane |
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WHAT IS A DIP-SLIP FAULT? |
where displacement occurs along an inclined/dipping fault plane and the movement is largely in the vertical plane. |
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name the 3 types of dip-slip fault |
normal reverse thrust |
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state 3 characteristics of a normal fault |
found at constuctive plates form as a result of tensional stress the hanging wall is always downthrown |
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what is a graben? |
two inward dipping normal faults |
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what is a horst? |
2 outward dipping normal faults
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state 2 characteristics of a reverse fault |
form as a result of compressional stress the hanging wall is upthrown |
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state 3 characteristics of a thrust fault |
form as a result of compression the fault plane dips at equal to or less than 30 degrees the hanging all is upthrown |
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what is a strike slip fault? |
large horizontal movement due to shearing |
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state the 2 types of strike-slip fault |
tear transform |
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what do tear faults form as a result of? |
shearing forces acting upon a body |
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what do transform faults form as a result from? |
shearing but occur associated with MORs and form as a result of different rates of movement within a plate and allow rigid plates to adjust for their differences in the rate of movement |
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what are the 2 main types of tear fault? |
left-lateral or SINISTRAL right-lateral or DEXTRAL |
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what are slickensides? |
the polishing and striations found on a fault plane indicating the direction of relative movement |
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what is fault breccia? |
rock composed of angular fragments produced from the wall rocks fracturing during faulting. |
