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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where does fatty acid biosynthesis take place?
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In the cytosol
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What is the carrier protein?
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ACP
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What are the steps in fatty acid biosynthesis?
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1.) Condensation
2.) Reduction 3.) Dehydration 4.) Reduction |
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Where does acetyl-CoA come from?
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From pyruvate through the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex or beta-oxidation
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How is acetyl-CoA transported into the cytosol?
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citrate shuttle
Acetyl-CoA reacts with oxaloacetate to give citrate, citrate is transported into the cytosol. In cytosol, citrate is converted back to oxaloacetate, releasing acetyl-CoA. |
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In the ___________, citrate is cleaved back to __________ and ______________. This reaction is catalyzed by _______________.
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In the cytosol, citrate is cleaved back to oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA. This reaction is catalyzed by ATP-citrate lyase.
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How is oxaloacetate returned to the mitochondria?
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1.) Oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ --> malate + NAD+
catalyzed by malate dehydrogenase 2.) Malate + NADP+ ----> Pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH. Catalyzed by malic enzyme. 3.) Pyruvate translocase transports pyruvate back into the mitochondria. 4.) Pyruvate is converted to oxaloacetate by pyruvate carboxylase with hydrolysis of one ATP. |
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The transport of Acetyl-CoA into the cytosol requires the expense of:
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1 ATP, and conversion of 1 NADH to NADPH
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What is the reaction catalyzed by Acetyl-CoA carboxylase?
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Acetyl-CoA is converted to malonyl-CoA
Requires biotin, HCO3-, ATP Irreversible |
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Rate-limiting step of fatty acid synthesis?
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Acetyl-CoA carboxylase.
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Regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase?
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citrate is a positive effector, and palmitoyl-CoA is a negative effector
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