Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What the functions of fat in food and in our bodies?
|
1. Provide Energy
2. Protection 3. Keep you warm 4. Plays a key role in transportation of proteins in your blood 5. Provides the different vitamins |
|
|
What percentage of calories consumed daily should come from fats?
|
Less than 10% of your daily calories should come from saturated fat.
|
|
|
How many calories per gram do fats provide?
|
9
|
|
|
Triglycerides
|
Three fatty acids that are attached to a glycerol backbone. Also known as fat
|
|
|
Phospholipids
|
Lipids made up of two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to a glycerol backbone
|
|
|
Sterols
|
A lipid that contains four connecting rings of carbon hydrogen
|
|
|
Which of the 3 is the most common form of fat in your food and body?
|
Triglyceride
Phospholipids Sterols |
|
|
Which 2 of the 3 are non-essential? (your body produces them)
|
Phospholipids
Sterols |
|
|
Monounsaturated-
|
A fatty acid that has one double bond
|
|
|
Polyunsaturated-
|
A fatty acid with two or more double bonds
|
|
|
Saturated fatty acids
|
- A fatty acid that has all of its carbons bound with hydrogen.
|
|
|
Name the 2 essential fatty acids
|
(one is an omega 6 and the other is an omega 3)
|
|
|
What is the major phospholipids in your cell membranes called?
Why is it added to foods? |
Polar head- attracts water
Nonpolar tail- repels water. To be able to mix water and fats. |
|
|
What is the best known sterol called?
|
Cholesterol
|
|
|
Why does your body produce cholesterol (what are it’s functions)?
|
Makes vitamin D, Bile acids, and sex hormones.
|
|
|
What percentage of calories consumed daily should come from this nutrient?
|
10%
|
|
|
What are the “building blocks” of protein?
How many of them are essential Non-essential |
Amino Acids, 9, 11
|
|
|
What is denaturation?
Why is this important? |
The alteration of a protein’s shape, which changes the structure and function of the protein.
It could change the function and shape of the protein permanently |
|
|
How many grams of protein do adults need daily? (the Daily Value)
|
50grams
|
|
|
Define positive and negative nitrogen balance, and why you might be in these states.
|
Positive means your body is growing, and negative means it is detraining
|
|
|
Be able to describe at least 3 functions of protein, besides muscle development!
|
Maintain body fluid, Transporting substances throughout the body, promoting satiety, providing energy, maintaining acid-base balance.
|
|
|
Name at least 3 significant health risks from excessive (animal) protein consumption/
|
Heart disease, Kidney Stones Osteoporosis, and cancer
|
|
|
Describe the 2 forms of severe PEM (protein energy malnutrition):
|
Kwashiorkor- A state of PEM where there is a severe deficiency of dietary protein
Marasmus- A state of PEM where there is a severe deficiency of calories that perpetuates wasting; also called starvation |
|
|
Five different type of vegitarieans
|
Semi vegetarian- Most meat but a small amount may be consumed
Lacto-ovo-vegetarian- no meat Lacto-vegetarian- no meat or eggs Ovo-vegetarian no meat or dairy Vegan- no animal foods of any kind. |
|
|
Name the specific nutrients of concern in poorly planned vegan diets.
|
You don’t get your vitamins D, B12 A and omega 3 Protein, iron, zinc, and calcium.
|
|
|
Complete Protein
|
A protein that provides all the essential amino acids that your body needs, along with some nonessential amino acids soy protein and protein from animal sources, in general, are complete
|
|
|
Incomplete protein
|
- a protein that is low in one or more of the essential amino acids. Protein from plant sources tends to be incomplete.
|
|
|
complemented protein
|
Incomplete proteins that are combined with modest amounts of animal or soy proteins or with other plant proteins that are rich in the limiting amino acids to create a complete protein
|
