Fats

Front 1

fats look like

Back 1

a glycerol which is like three carbons with hs and then fatty acid tails, when its three its called a triglyceride

Front 2

what is a calorie

Back 2

1 Calorie=1000calories=1kcal

1 calorie=energy required to raise the temp of 1 gram of water by 1 degree C

Front 3

caloric values of food

Back 3

carbs- 16 kJ/g, 4 Cal/g

protein- 17 kJ/g 4 Cal/g

Fat- 37 kJ/g 9 Cal/g

Alcohol- 29 kJ/g 7 Cal/g

Front 4

saturated and unsaturated fats

Back 4

unsaturated fats have one or more c=c double bond. Saturated fats are straight and solid at room tmp. uncaturated are bent with a c=c doule bond and are liquid at room temp bc the kink from the double bond prevents molecules from packing well against each other

Front 5

trans fats

Back 5

if hyrdrogenation process is incomplete, get conversion of cis c=c bonds to trans c=c bonds in unsaturated fats.

Front 6

cis double bonds

Back 6

cis double bonds are [when the hydrogens are on the same side of the bond]

Front 7

trans double bonds

Back 7

hydrogens are on different sides of the bond, more stable than cis double bonds, they pack well adn so trans fats are solid at room temp like saturated fats

Front 8

how to tell what kind of fat

Back 8

stearic acid-saturated solid-its just a zigzag

oleic acid-unsaturated cis, liquid-its a zigzag, then a kink with a double bond in, then more zigzag

elaidic acid-unsaturated trans, solid- a zigzag with a double bond bit

Front 9

what is the problem with trans fats

Back 9

liek saturated fats the contribute to heart disease, they are bad for you

Front 10

cholesterol

Back 10

-component of cell membranes, starting material for steroid hromones, produced and broken down by the liver

Front 11

low density lipoprotein

Back 11

carries cholesterol away from the liver, ca make deposists on blood vessel. the bad one

Front 12

high density lipoprotein

Back 12

carries cholesterol to the liver

Front 13

diet guidlines

Back 13

avoid foods high in trans fatty acids which raise blood cholesterol. aim for fat intake no more than 30% of calories.

Front 14

diet and coronary heart disease

Back 14

higher intakes of saturated and trans fats, and dietary cholesterol raise low density lipoprotein which is bad

an elevated ldl cholesterol increases risk of developing coronary heart disease

to decrease LDL and the risk of CHD, sub monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats for staturated and trans fats and decrease the intake of cholesterol

Front 15

what is olestra

Back 15

its a replacement for fat food in some light snacks thats teeeeerrible

olestra molecules are so large and fatty they can't be metabolized by enxymes and bacteria in the gut and are neither absorbed nor digested

Front 16

what is the structure of olestra

Back 16

its a sucrose molecule with 8 fatty acid tails

Front 17

what does it do

Back 17

it binds to cholesterol, vitamins and other fat-soluable molecules and doesn't get metabolized

Front 18

what are hte side effects

Back 18

abdominal cramping, loose stools, inhibits the absorption of some vitamins and other nutrients

Front 19

what the hell are vitamins

Back 19

any of various organiz compounds that are required in minute quantities in the diet of most animals for the maintaince of normal metabolic functions

vitamins act especially as coenzymes and precursors of coenzymes in the regulation of metabolic processes

unlike the macronutrients they do not provide energy or srve as building units

Front 20

what is the structure of vitamins

Back 20

its liek. a hexgaon or a bunch of hexagons with bits coming off i dont know theres always a hexagon. OH K, A, E and D are fat soluable

Front 21

what does vitamin a do

Back 21

Vision. Without- night blindness, increased cander risk

Front 22

what does vitamin d do

Back 22

regulates Ca. Wihtout- ricketts

Front 23

what does vitamin e do

Back 23

antioxidant. without-red blood cell fragility, infertility

Front 24

what does vitamin k do

Back 24

blood clotting. Without-hemmorhagic syndrome