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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is FASCISM?
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a centralized, authoritarian government (the ruler is in complete control; it is anti-democratic) that is not communist. It demands that its people be completely loyal to the state; the people do not have basic human rights (example; there's no freedom of speech)
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What are some features of fascism?
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extreme nationalism and militarism; rule by a dictator; use of violence and terror; censorship and government control of news; government control of the economy
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What country had a fascist government?
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Italy
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Who was the fascist ruler of Italy?
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Benito Mussolini
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What was a cause of the rise of fasism in Italy?
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the bad condition of Italy's economy and its constitutional government was unable to deal with it.
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What is NAZISM?
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An extreme form of fascism which also includes fanatical anti-semitism (prejudice against Jews).
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What country had a NAZI government?
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Germany
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Who was the leader of Nazi Germany?
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Adolf Hitler
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What were some causes of the rise of Hitler and the Nazis?
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German resentment against the Treaty of Versailles; the Great Depression ruined Germany's economy; the Weimar Republic was unable to solve Germany's problems
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Name 3 countries with totalitarian governments and their leaders.
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Italy- Mussolini;
Germany- Hitler; USSR (Soviet Union/Russia)- Stalin |
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What was appeasement?
Give an example. |
giving in to an aggressor's demands in order to keep the peace;
example: the Munich Pact (Britain gave part of Czechoslovakia to Hitler's Germany) |
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Who appeased who?
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Democratic countries (Britain and France) appeased aggressive Nazi Germany (also Italy and Japan) in the hope that they could avoid another war
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Give some causes of World War II.
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- aggressive actions by Germany, Italy, and Japan and the failure of the policy of appeasement to stop them;
-the Treaty of Versailles led to condtions that led to the rise of Fascists and Nazis |
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What countries were in the alliance known as the AXIS in World War II?
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Germany, Italy, and Japan
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Why did the United States enter World War II?
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The Japanese attack on the US naval base at PEARL HARBOR in Hawaii
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What battle, a turning point in the war, was a Russian victory over the Germans?
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Stalingrad
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What was D-Day?
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The allied invasion of France (We had to take France back from the Germans before we could attack Germany.)
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What was the Holocaust?
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The genocide (mass murder) of Jews in Europe by Nazi Germany.
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German leaders who were resposible for the Holocaust and various war crimes were found guilty of crimes against humanity at the ____________ Trials after the war.
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Nuremberg Trials
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What new weapon did the US use that finally convinced Japan to surrender? Why did the US do that?
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the atomic bomb;
The US used the A-bomb to prevent casulties that would have happened during an invasion of Japan. |
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What was D-Day and why was it important?
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the Allied invasion of France; it meant that Germany had to fight a war on two fronts (sides)
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Why was Russia so hard for Hitler and Napoleon to conquer?
The Russians defeated the Germans at the Battle of _______________. |
the harsh Russian winter;
Stalingrad |
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What was a result of WW II in Eastern Europe?
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the spread of communism
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After the war, Japan's new government became a ________________. Its new constitition restricted Japan from ___________.
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democracy;
rearming (meaning that Japan could no longer have powerful armies to attack other countries) |
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What was a result of WW II in Africa and Asia?
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After the war, nationalist movements grew in Asia and Africa. European countries were weakened by the war so many of their Asian and African colonies won their independence.
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As a result of WW II, what organization was created to try to keep the world at peace?
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the United Nations
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As a result of WW II, the world entered a new era called the ______ War.
What was that? |
Cold War;
a period of tension between democratic countries led by the US and communist countries led by the Soviet Union |
