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76 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
General systems theory
Defines a system that is maintained by components interacting
Open System
continuously receives input from and discharges output to the envionrment
Homeostasis
Tendecny of a family to act in ways which maintain the familys equilibrium or status quo
Cybernateics
Feedback loop system by which a family gets information to maintain equilibrium
Gregory Bateson
Applied Cybernetics fo family systems
Negative feedback loops
reduce deviation and help a system maintain its equilibrium
Positive feedback loops
amply deviation or change and disrupt the sytem sometimes positive feedback loops can promote appropriate change
Circular causaility
symptom regards as part of an ongoing circular feedback loop
Conjoint family therapy
Both members of the couple or the entire family are seen at the same time by the same therapists
Concurrent family therapy
one therapist sees all family memebers in individual sessions
Collaborative family therapy
Different family therapist sees each family member but the therapist meet periodically to discuss their clients and the family as a whole
Network family therapy
the family therapists works with the entire "network" of significant people in the client's life such as family members, friends, neighbors
Multiple couple or family therapy
Serveral couples or families meet as a group with a therapist or cotherapist
Nathan Ackerman
Psychodaynamic Family therapist
Psychodynamic Family Therapy
Integrating psychoanalytic principles with systems theory
Homeostasis Ackerman
Funciton as allowing the family system to adapt in a controlled way to change homeostasis is dynamic rather than static
Social Roles Ackerman
bridge between the processes of intrapsychic life and social participation semipermeable membranes
Role complementarity
family roles must allow for mutual support, dependence and intimacy among family members
Ackermans view of maladaptive behavior
mental illness consists of three componeents intrapsychic interpersonal psychosocial patterns
Therapeutic Goals of Ackerman
Create a new way of living
Ackerman therapeutic techniques
shaking up preexisting pathogenic relationships and alignments to open the way for healthier bonds
Roles Ackerman Therapist
activator, challenger, confronter, supporter, interpreter, integrator
Underlying assumptoins
Mental Research Institute described the double-bind ccommunicaton
Assumptions of communication interaction family therapy
People are always communicating even if they are doing nothing
All communication has a report and command function command function is often non verbal
Family Rules
Assist with family homeostasis
Symmetrical communications
reflect equality between the communicators and may become highly competitive
Complementary communications
Reflect inequality between the communicators and maximize their differences
Principle of equifinality
no matter where in a system change occurs the result will always be the same
Circular model of causality
regards a symptom as both a cause and an effect of dysfunctional communication patterns
Dysfunctional Communication Patterns
blaming and criticizing
mindreading
making incomplete statements
making statements which imply change is impossible
overgeneralizing
Therapeutic Techniques of family
Direct and Non Direct
Direct Therapy techniques of Family Therapy
Pointing out famly members problematic
Teaching family communication
Interpreting interactional patterns
Indirect Therapy techniques for family therapy
therapeutic double bin like prescribing the symptom or relabeling
Prescribing the symptom
instructing the famly to continue to engage in dysfunction
Relabeling
changing the label attached to a problem by the family to change its label.
Murray Bowen
Father of Extended Family Systems therapy
Extended Family Systems Therapy
Functioning of the extended family and its members in terms of eight interlocking concepts
Differentiation of self
Person's ability to separate his or her intellectual and emotional functioning
The _____________ the personsl level of differentiation the more likely the client will be __________
lower fused
Undifferentiated family ego mass
family whose members are highly emotional fused
Emotional Triangles
when a 2 person husband and wife, parent child, experiences instability a third person is recruited into the system
Lower Differentiation =
more fusion and family dysfunction
Emotional cutoff
dysfunctional methods used by children to free themselves from emotional ties to their families.
Multigenerational transmission process
Severe dysfunction is viewed as the result of the escalation of a familys dysfunctional system through several family generations
View of Maladaptive Behavior for Extended Family therapy
Behavioral disorders are a a result of a multigenerational transmission process transmitting low levels of differentiation
Bowen Therapeutic Techniques
The therapist becomes the third person and forms therapeutic triangles maintaining neutraility
Structural Family Therapy
Families respond best to interventions using a here and now, directive and concrete approach
Father of Structural Family Therapy
Salvador Minuchin
Minuchin family system
family is more than the individual biopsychodynamics of its members
Minuchin Family Structure
All families are believe to have an implicit structure which determines how family members relate to one another
Minuchin Subsystems
Parent to child, husband to wife
Maladaptive behavior according to Strucutral Family Therapy
Viewed as the result of an inflexible family structure which prohibits the family from adapting to maturational and situational
Structural Family Therapy Goals
The goal is to restructure the family therapist may use other techniques
Structural Family Therapy Techniques
1. Joining the family
2. Evaluating the family Structure
3. Restructuring the family
Joining the family
Structural Technique where the therapist joins the family in a position of leadership involves blending with the family as well as tracking
Tracking
identifying and using the family values, life themes, and significant life and mimesis
Mimesis
adopting the famlys manner
Evaluating the family structure
involves the therapist evaluating family structure and forming a diagnosis
Restructuring the family
Unbalancing the familys homeostasis to facilitate transformation of the family structure
Enactment
family members are encouraged enact relationships for identification and alteration
Jay Haley
Strategic Family Therapy Therapist
Strategic Family Therapy
combines communication/interaction and structural family therapy
Maladaptive Definition for Strategic Family theapy
How a person utilizes communication techniques to control other member of the family. Families become pathological when one or both parties denies his or her intent to control the other person
Therapeutic Goals of Strategic Family Therapy
alleviating current symptoms through altering a family's organization or structure
Strategic Family Counseling Techniques
Active Take Charge Role used a variety of strategies tailred to the family and its particular problems
Most important session
The first session of Strategic family counseling
Four Stages of First Strategic Family Session
1. Social
2. Problem
3.Interaction
4. Goal Setting
Pardoxical Interventions or orderal
use a clients resistance against them. encourage them to do the opposite of the therapeutic goal.
Contextual Therapy
Emphasized ethical elements of family development and behavior trust loyalty and relational ethics
Contextual Maladaptive behavior
Lack of trust and loyalty within the family
Contextual Therapy Goals
Restore loyalty, trust, and ethics
Contextual Techniques
Exposing hidden emotional conflicts.
General systems therapy treats the family as a ________
System
Extended Family Systems Therapy theorized by
Bowen
Working from the extended family theory often involves the construction of a
genogram
Structural family therapy associated with__________ involves boundaries. Boundaires may be too diffuse resulting in _______________ or too rigid resulting in
Minuchin, emeshment disengagementq