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39 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Compelling Indications for starting Antihypertensives
Heart Failure
Post MI
Diabetes
Chronic Kidney Disease
Recurrent Stroke Prevention
Antihypertensives for Heart Failure
All but CCBs
Antihypertensives for Post MI
Beta Blocker
Ace-I
Aldo. Antagonist
Antihypertensives for Diabetes
All but Aldo Antagonist
Antihypertensives for Chronic Kidney Disease
ACE-I, ARB
Antihypertensives for Recurrent Stroke Prevention
Diuretic
ACE-I
Beta Blockers suitable for CHF
Carvedilol and Metoprolol
No sympathomimetic effect
CCBs that peripherally dilate
Nifedipine
Amlodipine
Felodipine
*The Dyhydropyridines
TOC for high LDL only
1. Statins
2. Resins/Ezetimibe
3. Niacin
TOC for high LDL, low HDL
1. Statins
2. Niacin
TOC for high LDL and TG, low HDL
1. Statins and Niacin
2. Fibrates
TOC for high TG with or without low HDL
1. Fibrates
2. Niacin
3. Statin
TOC for low HDL only
1. Niacin
2. Fibrates
Goal of Treatment for High Risk Dyslipidemia (>20% 10yr. risk)
LDL < 100
Goal of Treatment for Mod-High Risk Dyslipidemia (10-20% 10 yr. risk)
LDL < 130
Goal of Treatment for Mod. Risk Dyslipidemia (2+ RFs and 10% risk)
LDL < 130
Goal of Treatment for Low Risk Dyslipidemia (0-1 RF)
LDL < 160
Diabetes Drugs: Biguanides
Metformin
Supresses gluconeogenesis
Increases insulin sensitivity
SE: No weight gain, Lactic Acidosis
CI: Creatinine >1.4, Liver failure or heavy alcohol use
Diabetes Drugs: Sulfonylureas
Increase insulin secretion
SE: Weight gain, hypoglycemia
Diabetes Drugs: Thiazolides
"-Glitazones"
Increase insulin sensitivity
SE: Weight gain, edema
CI: Heart failure
Diabetes Drugs: Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors
Acarbose
Inhibit GI carb absorption to decrease postprand. glucose
SE: Gas
CI: Liver cirrhosis (Get LFTs)
Diabetes Drugs: Meglitinides
Repaglinide, Nateglinide
Increase pancreatic insulin secretion via diff. mech than SU
Less risk for hypoglycemia and greater postprand. glucose reduction
Diabetes Drugs:
Insulin Lispro/Aspart
Very short acting
Onset: 15min
Peaks: 30-90min
Max: 5hr
Diabetes Drugs: Insulin R
Onset: 1hr
Peak: 4-8hr
Max: 12hr
DIabetes Drugs:
Insulin NPH/Lente
Onset: 2-3hr
Duration: 8-12hr
Diabetes Drugs: Insulin Glargine/Ultralente
Lasts up to 24 hr.
Diabetes Drugs: Exenatide
Mimics GLP1 activity
Only use with oral meds not insulin
Diabetes Drugs: Sitagliptin
Can be monotherapy
Blocks breakdown of proteins that stimulate insulin synthesis and release when BG is high
Mild Intermittent Asthma
Sx<2x/wk
Nocturnal sx< 2x/mo
FEV or PEFR> 80% Predicted
Mild Persistent Asthma
Sx> 2x/wk (not daily)
Nocturnal sx>2x/mo
FEV or PEFR>80% Predicted
Moderate Persistent Asthma
Daily sx
Nocturnal sx> 1x/wk
FEV or PEFR 60-80% Predicted
Treatment for Mild Intermittent Asthma
Short acting B agonist
Treatment for Mild Persistent Asthma
Daily inhaled low-dose CS (or Cromolyn or Nedocromil)
Quick relief B agonist
Treatment for Moderate Persistent Asthma
Daily low-dose CS and long-acting B agonsit

Daily low-dose CS and leuk. modifier/theophylline
Treatment for Severe Persistent Asthma
High dose inhaled CS and long acting B agonist

If needed: systemic CS
Treatment for exercise-induced Asthma
Albuterol, Cromolyn or Nedocromil 15-30min. before

If sx persist: Long acting B agonist or leuk. modifier
Treatment of Acute COPD Exacerbation
Inhaled B agonist and anticholinergic, Antibiotics, 30-40mg Prednisolone
Oxygen to keep sats> 90%
Vent. if pCO2>45
Treatment for symptomatic COPD
Anticholinergic Ipatropium or Tiotropium to relieve sx
Inhaled CS if >2 exacerbations/yr
Drugs for Smoking Cessation
Nicotine patch or gum
Buproprion
Varenicline