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63 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Happiness: Is it in your grasp?



What is a set point?

A baseline for moods influenced by genetics that influences our happiness level by about half. It also regulates our happiness so that it returns to the set point after life events, good or bad.

Happiness: Is it in your grasp?



Can money buy happiness?

Money can buy pleasure, but pleasure isn't happiness. University studies suggest that materialism is toxic for happiness, because desire can be infinite.

Happiness: Is it in your grasp?



What are the biggest influences of happiness?

A country's health, culture, wealth, and provision of education.

What are The Five Components of Marriage?

Emotional, ceremonial, legal, sexual faithfulness, and parenting.

The Five Components of Marriage



Monogamy

One spouse only - a marital or sexual relationship in which a person is committed exclusively to one partner.

Polygamy

More than one spouse

Polygygny

More than one wife

Polyandry

More than one husband

The traditional family

a unit of two or more people who are not related by blood, marriage, or adoption and who live together. The man's role is primarily husband, father, and income earner and the woman's role is wife, mother and homemaker.

The modern family

Consists of father, mother, and children living in one household.

Families in the modern era: companionate families

In a companionate family, the marriage was supposed to provide romance, emotional growth, and sexual fulfillment. Wives were no longer supposed to exercise sexual restraint; spouses shared decision and tasks equally; and adolescent children were allowed greater freedom from parental supervision.

Postmodern family:

describes the great variability in family forms

Post Modern Familiest: Binuclear families

A family that lives in two different households, often the result of parents being divorced and their children spending time with both.

Post Modern Families: Blended families

A blended family or step family is created when two people marry and one or both brings into the household a child or children from a previous marriage or relationship.

Post Modern Families: Single Parent Families

One in which a child or children lives with one parent.

Families in the Modern Era: WWI

Women took jobs as clerical and white collar government jobs that enabled their families to continue their standard of living

Families in the Modern Era: WWII

Women took jobs in shipyards and ammunition factories as well as civilian jobs. Many were middle-class married women, but working class women, white and black, particularly benefited.
When male war veterans returned home, many women found it difficult to leave the greater wages and freedoms associated with traditionally male jobs. Participation of women in the workforce continued to increase after the war.

Familism:

Before the Industrial Revolution human and animal labor, rather than machinery was the dominant means of producing goods. The traditional family was the basic economic unit. This enabled familism: when decisions are made, family collective concerns take priority over individual concerns.

Individualism

As families lost their self-sufficiency, men became less involved in child rearing and children were no longer laborers. Both parents had to work outside the home. Increasingly, family decision making switched to the philosophy of individualism: when decisions are made, individual concerns take priority over family collective concerns.

The opposite of critical thinking:

Magical thinking: The interpreting of two closely occurring events as though one caused the other, without any concern for causal link.

What is the enemy of clear thinking?

Our mind sets

What is a mind set?

set patterns of thinking that affect how we respond to new ideas.

Critical thinking

The way to deal the mind-sets. Clear thinking, skeptical thinking, active thinking. Actively seeking to understand, analyze, and evaluate information in order to solve specific problems.

What are the steps of critical thinking?

1. Get an understanding of the problem


2. Gather information and interpret it.


3. Develop a solution plan and carry it out


4. Evaluate the plan's effectiveness.

Theory:

A perspective or a set of statements that explains why processes and events occur

What are the 8 Family theories?

1. Structural-functional


2. Conflict


3. Symbolic Interaction


4. Family Systems


5. Social Exchange


6. Feminist


7. Ecological


8. Family Development

What type of orientation is Structural-Functional theory?

Macro

What type of orientation is conflict theory?

Macro

What type of orientation is Symbolic interaction theory?

Micro

What type of orientation is Family Systems Theory?

Micro

What type of orientation is Social Exchange theory?

Micro

What type of orientation is Feminist theory?

Macro and micro

What type of orientation is Ecological theory?

Macro and micro

What type of orientation is Family Development theory?

Macro and micro

What are the principal features of Structural-Functional theory?

Stability, consensus, instrumental, and expressive roles; manifest and latent functions.



What are the illustrative questions of Structural-Functional theory?

What functions does the family serve/ how does the family contribute to societal stability?

What are the principal features of Conflict theory?

Conflict, competition over scarce resources, lack of consensus, social inequality.

What are the illustrative questions of Conflict theory?

Who benefits from the existing social arrangement?

What are the principal features of Symbolic Interaction theory?

Ongoing internal family interaction; actions and reactions of family members to each other

What are the illustrative questions of Symbolic Interaction theory?

How do family interactions create reality for the family? How is the family experienced by its members?

What are the principal features of Family Systems theory?

Family members act as interconnected parts in which changes in one part create changes in other parts; all parts work toward equilibrium.

What are the illustrative questions of Family systems theory?

How do family members experience crises in the family (illness, economic changes, substance abuse)?

What are the principal features of social exchange theory?

People's interactions in relationships represent the efforts of each person to maximize benefits and minimize costs

What are the illustrative questions of social exchange theory?

How does one partner react to a lack of affection from another?

What are the principal features of feminist theory?

Inequality in women's roles is the result of male dominance in the family and society.

What are the illustrative questions of Feminist theory?

How do men benefit from traditional gender roles? How are women opressed by the traditional definition of the family?

What are the principal features of Ecological theory?

Family is influenced by its immediate and distant environments

What are the illustrative questions of Ecological theory?

How do individuals grow and adapt through interactions with their environment?

What are the principal features of family development theory?

Family members accomplish tasks as they move through age-related stages.

What are some illustrative questions of Family Development theory?

How do family roles change based on absence or presence of children or father or mother figures?

Define Structural-Functional systems theory?

This theory views the family as a social institution that performs essential functions for society to ensure its stability.

What are the key parts of Structural-Functional systems theory?

To ensure that society has an ongoing supply of new members and to be a source of socialization



To provide economic support for family members



To provide emotional support for family members

Define the Conflict theory?

This theory views individuals and groups as being basically in conflict with each other for power and scarce resources.

Define the Symbolic Interaction theory?

This theory focuses on internal family interactions, the ongoing action and the response of family members to one another.

What are the three key components of Symbolic Interaction theory?

Definition of the Situation -how you interpret the glances and words your date is exchanging with others at a party determines the reality that follows



Self-Image Based on Others' Interactions



Predictability of Behavior - - Once you have defined the situation and determined how you think you ought to behave, you and the other person can act in predictable ways

Define Family Systems Theory?

Family members make up a system of interconnected parts of a whole and changes in one part change the other parts.

Define Socialization

The process by which offspring learn attitudes, beliefs, and values appropriate to their society and culture so they can function effectively in society.



The process by which people learn the characteristics of their group -the attitudes, values, and actions that are thought appropriate for them.

What is a gender role?

The behavior expected of a female or a male in a particular culture.

What is a sex role?

A behavior defined by biological constraints

Define: Transvestite

Usually a male who dresses provocatively in order to appeal to other men, as opposed to cross dressers who dress up to appear to be a member of the other gender.

Define: Transsexual

A person with the biological sex of one gender who has the identity or self-concept of the other gender and undergoes medical procedures to change to that sex.

Define: Transgenderist

A person with the biological sex of one gender who has the identity of the other gender, lives the full-time life of that gender, but does not undergo medical procedures to change to that gender.

Define: Social Learning Theory

The idea that we learn attitudes and behaviors through our interaction with the environment.