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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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A threat is used as the sole reason supporting a conclusion. |
Appeal to Force
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EXAMPLE: "If you don't vote for me, I will personally come there and punch you in the face." |
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Basing a conclusion solely on the evocation of sympathy. |
Appeal to Pity |
EXAMPLE: "I had a tooth extracted yesterday and my hamster has been feeling under the weather. Thus, the test should be graded on a curve." |
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Basing a conclusion solely on mentioning the popularity of a belief/practice |
Ad populum Bandwagon
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EXAMPLE: "Of course you want to get a new iPhone! Look, everyone has one nowadays." |
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Basing a conclusion solely on stimulation of one's desire to be part of a particular group |
Ad populum Emotion |
EXAMPLE: "We must support the U.S. Patriot Act. Our nation must stand as a unified whole against the tyranny of terror. We, brothers and sisters in justice, will overcome this adversity and, ultimately, be a stronger nation." |
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Dismissing an argument because of alleged moral flaws of the arguer. |
Ad hominem abusive |
EXAMPLE: "Don't bother listening to anything he has to say about healthcare reform. I mean, really; he's clearly a socialist." |
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Dismissing an argument because of the circumstances of the arguer |
Ad hominem circumstantial |
EXAMPLE: "Of course your English professors want to cut military spending and put it towards education. Who doesn't want a pay raise?" |
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Dismissing an argument because of alleged hypocrisy of the arguer |
Ad hominem tu quoque |
EXAMPLE:
"I can't believe you're going to stop supporting the circus just because some protesters told you about the mistreatment of the animals involved. They obviously don't care about the facts they're pushing on you, I mean, some of them were wearing leather shoes! How hypocritical is that?" |
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Dismissing an argument because its topic is associated with something viewed unfavorably. |
Ad hominem guilt by association |
EXAMPLE: "Vegetarians claim that omitting animals from your diet is healthy, but you know who else thought that? Hitler! I'm sure they can't have a good argument with company like that." |
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