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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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British North America
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the original thirteen colonies in America founded by joint-stock companies or as royal or proprietary colonies
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Democracy
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government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system.
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Rule of law
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the concept that law reigns supreme and even the king is bound to follow the law
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Magna Carta
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"Great Charter" dating back to 1215 and forming the basis of English constitutional law
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English Bill of Rights
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1689 document limiting the power of the British sovereign and defining the rights of the people
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Virginia House of Burgesses
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Representative government in the colony of Virginia
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Mayflower Compact
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Agreement created by the Pilgrims to form a government for their colony
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Declaration of Independence
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1776 document in which Americans gave their reasons for independence from Britain
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Proclamation of 1763
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Banned American colonists from settlement west of the Appalachians
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Articles of Confederation
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Original government of the United States; was very weak and government power was very limited
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Ratification
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the official approval of the Constitution by the states
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Federalist
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supported the Constitution and and a strong federal government
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Anti-federalist
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Opposed a strong central (federal) government
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Federalist Papers
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A series of essays written defending the Constitution (written by Hamilton, Adams and Jay)
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Limited government
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A system when effective means are in place to contain the power of the government
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Separation of powers
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Protection of rights of the states while also providing some power exclusively to the federal government
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Checks and balances
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a system that prevents any one branch of government from dominating the others
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Bill of Rights
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the first ten amendments to the Constitution, in which personal liberties are guaranteed
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"Necessary and proper" clause
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the "elastic" clause which gives Congress the power to carry out its enumerated powers
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Democratic-Republican
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the political party of Thomas Jefferson
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Whiskey Rebellion
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revolt by farmers on the western frontier; suppression of the revolt consolidated federal power
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Alien and Sedition Acts
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Allowed the government to deport foreigners it found "dangerous" and to suppress criticism of the government; seen by many as an abuse of government power
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Marbury v. Madison
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Landmark case in which the authority of the Supreme Court to decide constitutional matters was established
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Judicial review
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The authority of the Supreme Court to decide what is constitutional
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