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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Source and functions of
IL-1 |
Secreted by APCs
Causes acute inflammatio and fever Induces cytokine production for leukocyte recruitment Induces endothelial adhesion molecule expression Positive feedback to Th cells |
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Source and functions of
IL-2 |
Secreted by Th cells
Stimulates growth of Th and Tc cells |
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Source and functions of
IL-3 |
Secreted by activated T cells
Stimulates bone marrow stem cell growth and differentiation Similar to GM-CSF |
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Source and functions of
IL-4 |
Secreted by Th2 cells
Stimulates B cell growth Enhances IgE and IgG class switching Activates Th2 cells |
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Source and functions of
IL-5 |
Secreted by Th2 cells
Stimulates B cell growth Enhances IgA class switching |
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Source and functions of
IL-6 |
Secreted by macrophages
Induces acute phase protein and immunoglobulin production |
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Source and functions of
IL-8 |
Secreted by macrophages
Major neutrophil chemotactic factor |
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Source and functions of
IL-10 |
Secreted by regulatory T cells
Inhibits Th1 cell activity |
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Source and functions of
IL-12 |
Secreted by macrophages and B cells
Activates NK and Th1 cells |
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Source and functions of
IFN-γ |
Secreted by Th1 cells
Induces antiviral state Stimulates macrophages, Tc cells, and NK cells Up-regulates MHC-I, MHC-II, and Ag presentation in all cells |
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Source and functions of
IFN-α IFN-β |
Induces antiviral state
Stimulates macrophages and NK cells Inhibit viral protein synthesis by inducing viral mRNA-specific ribonuclease production |
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Source and functions of
TNF-α |
Secreted by macrophages
Mediates septic shock Causes vascular leakiness and leukocyte recruitment Positive feedback to Th cells |
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Tc cell surface markers
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TCR, CD3
CD8 |
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Th cell surface markers
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TCR, CD3, CD28, CD40L
CD4 |
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B cell surface markers
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IgM, MHC-II, B7, CD40
CD19, CD20, CD21 (EBV receptor) |
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Macrophage cell surface markers
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MHC-II, B7, CD40, Fc and C3b receptors
CD14 |
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NK cell surface markers
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Receptors for MHC-I, CD16 (binds Fc of IgG)
CD56 |
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Cell surface markers on nearly all nucleated cells
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MHC-I
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Opsonization mediators
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C3b and IgG
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Neutrophil chemotaxis
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IL-8 and C5a
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Classic pathway complement activators
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IgG and IgM
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Alternative pathway complement activators
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Nonspecific microbial activators (e.g., endotoxin)
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Costimulatory molecules for Th, Tc, and B cells
What happens to T cells without 2⁰ costimulation? |
Th: CD-28--B7 :APC
Tc:IL-2R--IL-2 :Th B cell: CD40--CD40L :Th T cells become anergic without costimulation |
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Type I hypersensitivity
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Anaphylactic and Atopic
IgE mediated histamine release from basophils and mast cells Test: scratch test Anaphylaxis, allergic rhinitis |
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Type II hypersensitivity
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IgM and IgG mediated damage via receptor blocking/activation, ADCC, opsonization, or phagocytosis
Test: direct and indirect coombs Hemolytic anemia, Rheumatic fever, Goodpasture's, Graves' disease, Myasthenia gravis |
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Type III hypersensitivity
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IgG immune complex-mediated damage via deposition in tissues
Neutrophil chemotaxis and lysosymal enzyme release Serum sickness: Abs to transfused serum proteins Arthus reaction: Abs to intradermal injections Test: Immunofluorescence staining Lupus, Rheumatoid arthritis, Poststreptococcal GN, polyarteritis nodosum, hypersensitivity pneumonitis |
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Type IV hypersenstiivity
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Cell-mediated hypersensitivity via macrophage activation by T lymphocytes
Test: patch test, PPD DM Type I, multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barré, Hashimoto's, GvsD disease, contact dermatitis |
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Diseases associated with HLA subtype A3
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HLA subtype associated with
Hemochromatosis |
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Diseases associated with HLA subtype B8
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HLA subtype associated with
Psoriasis Ankylosing spondylitis Inflammatory bowel disease Reiter's syndrome |
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Diseases associated with HLA subtype B27
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HLA subtype associated with
Grave's disease |
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Diseases associated with HLA subtype DR2
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HLA subtype associated with
Multiple sclerosis, hay fever, SLE, Goodpasture's |
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Diseases associated with HLA subtype DR3, DR4
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HLA subtype associated with
Diabetes mellitus type 1 |
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Diseases associated with HLA subtype DR4
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HLA subtype associated with
Diabetes mellitus type 1, rheumatoid arthritis |
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Diseases associated with HLA subtype DR5
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HLA subtype associated with
Pernicious anemia, Hashimoto's thyroiditis |
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Diseases associated with HLA subtype DR7
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HLA subtype associated with
Steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome |
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Disorder associated with
Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) |
Antibodies associated with
Non-specific for SLE |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-dsDNA and Anti-Smith antibodies |
Antibodies associated with
Specific for SLE |
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Disorder associated with
Antihistone antibodies |
Antibodies associated with
Drug-induced lupus |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-acetylcholine receptor |
Antibodies associated with
Myasthenia gravis |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-TSH receptor |
Antibodies associated with
Graves' disease |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-IgG, also known as… |
Antibodies associated with
Rheumatoid arthritis, Rheumatoid factor |
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Disorder associated with
Anticentromere antibodies |
Antibodies associated with
Scleroderma (CREST) |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-Scl-70 |
Antibodies associated with
Scleroderma (Diffuse) |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-mitochondrial antibodies |
Antibodies associated with
Primary biliary cirrhosis |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-gliadin, anti-endomysial antibodies |
Antibodies associated with
Celiac disease |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-basement membrane |
Antibodies associated with
Goodpasture's syndrome |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-desmoglein (desmosome protein) |
Antibodies associated with
Pemphigus vulgaris |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-microsomal, Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies |
Antibodies associated with
Hashimoto's thyroiditis |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-intrinsic factor, Anti-parietal cell |
Antibodies associated with
Pernicious anemia |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-Jo-1 antibodies |
Antibodies associated with
Polymyositis, dermatomyositis |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-SS-A (Anti-Ro), Anti-SS-B (Anti-La) |
Antibodies associated with
Sjogren's syndrome |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-U1 RNP |
Antibodies associated with
Mixed connective tissue disease |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-smooth muscle |
Antibodies associated with
Autoimmune hepatitis |
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Disorder associated with
Anti-glutamate decarboxylase |
Antibodies associated with
Diabetes mellitus Type 1 |
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Disorder associated with
c-ANCA |
Antibodies associated with
Wegener's granulomatosis |
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Disorder associated with
p-ANCA |
Antibodies associated with
Non-Wegener's vasculitides, microscopic polyangiitis |
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Characteristics of hyperacute transplant rejection
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Antibody-mediated rejection
Preformed anti-donor antibodies Occurs within minutes of transplantation |
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Characteristics of acute transplant rejection
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Cell-mediated rejection due to cytotoxic T lymphocytes reacting against foreign MHC
Occurs weeks after transplantation Reversible with immunosuppressants Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, azathioprine, muromonab-CD3 (OKT3), sirolimus (rapamycin) |
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Characteristics of chronictransplant rejection
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Cell and Ab-mediated vascular damage
Obliterative vascular fibrosis Occurs months to years after transplantation Irreversible with immunosuppression Non-self MHC-I perceived as presenting Ag |
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Characteristics of Graft vs. Host disease
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Proliferation of grafted immunocompetent T cellsinan irradiated immunocompromisedhost
Severe organ dysfunction Maculopapular rash, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, diarrhea |
