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118 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Abdominal pain, ascites,hepatomegaly
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budd-chiari syndrome (post-hepatic venous thrombosis)
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achilles tendon xanthoma
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familial hypercholesterolemia (decreased LDL receptor signaling)
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Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC
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Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (meningococcemia)
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Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperflexible joints
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Marfan's syndrome (fibrillin defect)
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athlete with polycythemia
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2ndary to EPO injection
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back pain, fever, night sweats, weight loss
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Pott's disease (vertebral tuberculosis)
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bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, uveitis
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sarcoidosis (noncaseating granulomas)
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blue sclera
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osteogenesis imperfecta
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bluish line on gingiva
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burton's line (lead poisoning)
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bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis
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Paget's dz of bone (increased osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity)
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bounding pulses, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbing
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aortic regurgitation
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"butterfly" facial rash and Raynaud's phenomenon in a young female
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SLE
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cafe-au-lait spots, lisch nodules (iris hamartomas)
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NF1 (+pheochromocytoma, optic glioma)
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cafe-au-lait spots, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, multiple endocrine abnormalities
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McCune-Albright syndrome (mosaic G-protein signaling mutation)
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Calf pseudohypertrophy
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muscular dystrophy (most commonly Duchenne's): X-linked recessive deletion of dystrophin gene
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cherry red spot on macula
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Tay-Sachs (ganglioside accumulation) or Niemann-Pick (sphingomyelin accumulation) or central retinal artery occlusion
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Chest pain on exertion
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angina (stable: with moderate exertion; unstable: with minimal exertion)
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Chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI
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Dressler's syndrome (autoimmune-mediate post-MI fibrinous pericarditis, 1-12 weeks after acute episode)
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Child uses arms to stand up from squat
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gower's sign (Duchenne muscular dystrophy)
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Child with fever later develops red rash on face that spreads to body
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"slapped cheeks" (erythema infectiousum/fifth disease: parvovirus B19)
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chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration
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Huntington's disease (autosomal dominant CAG repeat expansion)
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chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps, myoglobinuria
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McArdle's Disease (muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency)
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cold intolerance
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hypothyroidism
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conjugate lateral gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia
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internuclear opthalmoplegia (damage to MLF; bilateral-multiple sclerosis, unilateral-stroke)
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continuous "machinery" heart murmur
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PDA (close with indomethacin; open or maintain with misoprostol)
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cutaneous/dermal edema due to CT disorder
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myxedema (caused by hypothyroidism, Grave's disease (pre-tibial))
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dark purple skin/mouth nodules
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Kaposi's sarcoma (usually AIDS pts[MSM]: associated with HIV)
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deep labored breathing/hyperventilation
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Kussmaul breathing (diabetic ketoacidosis)
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dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea
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Pellagra (niacin [vitamin B3] deficiency)
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dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, alcoholism or malnutrition
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wet beriberi (thiamine [vitamin B1] deficiency)
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dog or cat bite resulting in infection
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Pasteurella multocida (cellulitis and injection site)
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dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis
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Sjogren's syndrome (autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands)
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dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis, iron deficiency anemia
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Plummer-Vinson syndrome (may progress to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma)
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elastic skin, hypermobility of joints
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Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (type III collagen defect)
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enlarged hard left supraclavicular node
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Virchow's node (abdominal mets)
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erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells
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Sezary syndrome (cutaneous T cell lymphoma) OR mycosis fungoides
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facial muscle spasm upon tapping
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chvostek's sign (hypocalcemia)
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fat, female, forty, fertile
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cholelithiasis (gallstones)
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fever, chills, headache, myalgia following treatment for syphilis
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Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (rapid lysis of spirochetes results in toxin release)
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fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza, diffuse rash
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measles (morbillivirus)
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fever, night sweats, weight loss
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B symptoms (staging) of Lymphoma
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fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis
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peyronie's disease (CT disorder)
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gout, mental retardation, self-mutilating behavior in boy
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lesch-nyhan syndrome(HGPRT deficiency, X-linked recessive)
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green-yellow rings around peripheral cornea
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kayser-fleischer rings (copper accumulation from Wilson's Disease)
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hamartomatous GI polyp, hyperpigmentation of mouth/feet/hands
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Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (inherited, benign polyposis can cause bowel obstruction, increased cancer risk, mainly GI)
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HSM, osteoporosis, neurologic symptoms
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Gaucher's Disease (glucocerebrosidase deficiency)
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Herediatry nephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, cataracts
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Alport syndrome (mutation in alpha chain of collagen IV)
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hyperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperdocility
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Kluver-Bucy syndrome (bilateral amygdala lesion)
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hyperreflexia, hypertonia, Babinskin sign present
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UMN damage
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hyporeflexia, hypotonia, atrophy, fasciculations
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LMN damage
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hypoxemia, polycythemia, hypercapnia
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"blue bbloater" (chronic bronchitis: hyperplasia of mucous cells)
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indurated ulcerated genital lesion
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nonpainful: chancre (primary syphilis,via Treponema pallidum)painful: chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi)
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infant with: cleft lip/palate, microcephaly, holoprosencephaly, polydactyly cutis aplasia
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Patau's syndrome (trisomy 13)
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infant with: failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly, neurodegeneration
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Niemann-Pick Disease (genetic sphingomyelinase deficiency)
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Infant with:hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly
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Cori's Disease (debranching enzyme deficiency)
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Infant with: microcephaly, rocker-bottom feet, clenched hand, structural heart defect
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Edward's syndrome (trisomy 18)
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jaundice, palpable distended non-tender gallbladder
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Courvoisier's sign (distal obstruction of the biliary tree)
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large rash with bull's eye appearance
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erythema chronicum migrans from Ixodes tick bite (Lyme disease: Borrelia)
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lucid interval after traumatic brain injury
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Epidural hematoma (middle meningeal artery rupture)
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male child, recurrent infections, no mature B cells
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Bruton's disease (X-linked agammaglobulinemia)
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mucosal bleeding and prolonged bleeding time
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Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (defect in platelet aggregation due to lack of Gp IIb/IIIa)
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muffled heart sounds,distended neck veins,hypotension
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Beck's triad of cardiac tamponade
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multiple colon polyps, osteomas/soft tissue tumors, impacted/supernumerary teeth
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Gardner's syndrome (subtype of FAP)
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myopathy (infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), exercise intolerance
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Pompe's dz(lysosomal alpha-1,4-glucosidase deficiency)
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neonate with arm paralysis following difficult birth
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Erb-Duchenne palsy (superior trunk [C5-C6} brachial plexus injury: "waiter's tip"
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no lactation postpartum, absent menstruation, cold intolerance
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Sheehan's syndrome (pituitary infarction)
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nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech, bilateral internuclear opthalmoplegia
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multiple sclerosis
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oscillating slow/fast breathing
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cheyne-stokes respirations (central apnea in CHF or increased intracranial pressure)
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painful blue fingers/toes, hemolytic anemia
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cold-agglutinin disease (AI hemolytic anemia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis)
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Painful, pale, cold fingers
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Raynaud's phenomenon (vasospasm in extremities)
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Painful, raised red lesions on pad of fingers/toes
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Osler's node (infective endocarditis, immune complex deposition)
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Painless erythematous lesions on palms and soles
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Janeway lesions (infective endocarditis, septic emobli/microabscesses)
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Painless jaundice
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cancer of the pancreatic head obstructing bile duct
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palpable purpura on buttocks/legs, joint pain, abdominal pain (child), hematuria
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Henoch-Schonlein purpura (IgA vasculitis affecting skin and kidneys)
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pancreatic, pituitary, parathyroid tumors
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MEN1 (autosomal dominant)
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periorbital and/or peripheral edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia
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Nephrotic Syndrome
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pink complexion, dyspnea, hyperventilation
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"pink puffer" (emphysema: centriacinar [smoking], panacinar [alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency])
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polyuria, renal tubular acidosis type II, growth failure, electrolyte imbalances, hypophosphatemic rickets
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Fanconi's syndrome (proximal tubular reabsorption defect)
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positive anterior "drawer sign"
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anterior cruciate ligament injury
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pruritic, purple, polygonal planar papules and plaques (6 P's)
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Lichen planus
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ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis
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Horner's Sydrome (sympathetic chain lesion)
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pupil accommodates but doesn't react
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Argyll-Robertson pupil (neurosyphilis)
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rapidly progressive leg weakness that ascends following GI/upper respiratory infection
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Guillain-Barre syndrome (acut autoimmun inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy)
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rash on palms and soles
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Coxsackie A, 2ndary syphilis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever
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recurrent colds, unusual eczema, high serum IgE
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Hyper-IgE syndrome (Job's syndrome: neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality)
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Red "currant jelly" sputum in alcoholic or diabetic patients
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Klebsiella pneumoniae
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red "currant jelly" stools
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acute mesenteric ischemia (adults), intussusception (infants)
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Red, itchy, swollen rash of nipple/areola
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Paget disease of the breast (sign of underlying neoplasm)
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Red urine in the morning, fragile RBCs
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Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
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Renal cell carcinoma (bilateral), hemangioblastomas, angiomatosis, pheochromocytoma
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von Hippel-Lindau disease (dominant tumor suppressor gene mutation)
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Resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability
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Parkinson disease (nigrostriatal dopamine depletion)
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Retinal hemorrhages with pale centers
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Roth spots (bacterial endocarditis)
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Severe jaundice in neonate
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Crigler-Najjar syndrome (congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia)
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Severe RLQ pain with palpation of LLQ
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Rovsing sign (acute appendicitis)
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Severe RLQ pain with rebound tenderness
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McBurney sign (acute appendicitis)
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Short stature, incidence of tumors/leukemia, aplastic anemia
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Fanconi anemia (genetic loss of DNA crosslink repair; often progresses to AML)
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Single palmar crease
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Down syndrome
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Situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, infertility
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Kartagener syndrome (dynein arm defect affecting cilia)
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Skin hyperpigmentation, hypotension, fatigue
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Addison disease (1° adrenocortical insufficiency causes ACTH and α-MSH production)
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Slow, progressive muscle weakness in boys
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Becker muscular dystrophy (X-linked missense mutation in dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne)
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Small, irregular red spots on buccal/lingual mucosa with blue-white centers
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Koplik spots (measles; rubeola virus)
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Smooth, flat, moist, painless white lesions on genitals
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Condylomata lata (2° syphilis)
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Splinter hemorrhages in fingernails
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Bacterial endocarditis
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"Strawberry tongue"
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Scarlet fever, Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome
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Streak ovaries, congenital heart disease, horseshoe kidney, cystic hygroma at birth, short stature, webbed neck, lymphedema
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Turner syndrome (45,XO)
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Sudden swollen/painful big toe joint, tophi
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Gout/podagra (hyperuricemia)
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Swollen gums, mucosal bleeding, poor wound healing, petechiae
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Scurvy (vitamin C deficiency: can't hydroxylate proline/lysine for collagen synthesis)
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Swollen, hard, painful finger joints
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Osteoarthritis (osteophytes on PIP [Bouchard nodes], DIP [Heberden nodes])
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Systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo)
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Aortic valve stenosis
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Thyroid and parathyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma
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MEN 2A (autosomal dominant RET mutation)
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Thyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma, ganglioneuromatosis
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MEN 2B (autosomal dominant ret mutation)
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Toe extension/fanning upon plantar scrape
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Babinski sign (UMN lesion)
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Unilateral facial drooping involving forehead
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Facial nerve (LMN CN VII palsy)
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Urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis in a male
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Reactive arthritis associated with HLA-B27
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Vascular birthmark (port-wine stain)
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Sturg-Weber check
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Vomiting blood following gastroesophageal lacerations
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Mallory-Weiss syndrome(alcoholic and bulimic patients)
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Weight loss, diarrhea, arthritis, fever, adenopathy
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Whipple disease (Tropheryma whipplei)
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"Worst headache of my life"
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage
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