Fa Microbiology Systems

Front 1

skin (normal flora)

Back 1

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Front 2

nose (normal flora)

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S. epidermidis; colonized by S. aureus

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oropharynx (normal flora)

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viridans group streptococci

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dental plaque (normal flora)

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streptococcus mutans

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colon (normal flora)

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bacterioides fragilis>E. coli

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vagina (normal flora)

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Lactobacillus, colonized by E. coli and group B strep

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contaminated seafood

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus

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wound infections from contact with contaminated water/shellfish

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V. vulnificus

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reheated rice

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Bacillus cereus

Front 10

meats, mayo, custard (preformed toxin)

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S. aureus

Front 11

reheated meat dishes

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Clostridium perfringens

Front 12

improperly canned food (bulging cans)

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C. botulinum

Front 13

undercooked meat

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E. coli O157:H7

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poultry, meat, eggs

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Salmonella

Front 15

comma or S shaped organisms
growth 42C
oxidase positive

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Campylobacter

bloody diarrhea

Front 16

lactose negative
flagelllar motility

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Salmonella

bloody diarrhea

Front 17

lactose negative
very low ID50
Shiga toxin

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Shigella

bloody diarrhea

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O157:H7
cause HUS
Shiga-like toxin

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Enterohemorrhagic E. coli

bloody diarrhea

Front 19

invades colonic mucosa

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enteroinvasive E. coli

bloody diarrhea

Front 20

pseudomembranous colitis

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C. difficile

both watery and bloody diarrhea

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protozoan
liver abscess
RUQ pain

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Entamoeba histolytica

bloody diarrhea

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traveler's diarrhea
produces ST and LT toxins

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enterotoxigenic E. coli

watery diarrhea

Front 23

comma shaped organisms
rice water diarrhea

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Vibrio cholerae

watery diarrhea

Front 24

gas gangrene

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C. perfringens

watery diarrhea

Front 25

protozoa causing watery diarrhea?

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Giardia
Cryptosporidium (ICH)

Front 26

viruses causing watery diarrhea?

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rotavirus
adenovirus
Norwalk virus (norovirus)

Front 27

pneumonia
neonates (<4wk)

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group B strep
E. coli

Front 28

pneumonia
children (4 wk-18 yr)

Back 28

RSV
mycoplasma
chlamydia pneumoniae
strep pneumoniae
("runts may cough sputum")

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pneumonia
adult (18-40 yr)

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mycoplasma
C. pneumoniae
S. pneumoniae

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pneumonia
adult (40-65 yr)

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S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
anaerobes
viruses
mycoplasma

Front 31

pneumonia
elderly (65+)

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S. pneumoniae
viruses
anaerobes
H. influenzae
Gram neg rods

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pneumonia
nocosomial

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staph
enteric gram neg rod

Front 33

pneumonia
ICH

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staph
enteric gram neg rod
fungi
viruses
PCP (with HIV)

Front 34

pneumonia
aspiration

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anaerobes

Front 35

pneumonia
alcoholics/IV drug user

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S. pneumoniae
Klebsiella
staph

Front 36

pneumonia
CF

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pseudomonas

Front 37

pneumonia
postviral

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staph
H. influenzae

Front 38

pneumonia
atypical

Back 38

mycoplasma
legionella
chlamydia

Front 39

meningitis
Newborn (0-6 mo)

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group B strep
E. coli
listeria

Front 40

meningitis
children (6 mo-6 yr)

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S. pneumoniae
N. meningitides
H. influenzae type B
enteroviruses

Front 41

meningitis
6-60 yr

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N. meningitides
enteroviruses
S. pneumoniae
HSV

Front 42

meningitis
60+ yr

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S. pneumoniae
gram neg rods
listeria

Front 43

viral causes of meningitis?

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enteorviruses (esp coxsackie)
HSV
HIV
West Nile virus
VZV

Front 44

causes meningitis in HIV pt?

Back 44

cryptococcus
CMV
toxo (brain abscess)
JC virus (PML)

Front 45

cell type elevated in bacterial meningitis CSF?

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PMNs

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cell type elevated in fungal/TB meningitis CSF?

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lymphocytes

Front 47

viral meningitis CSF findings?

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pressure--norm/increased
cell type--lymphocytes
protein--norm/increased
sugar--norm (versus decreased in fungal/bact meningitis)

Front 48

osteomyelitis?

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S. aureus (most people)
most often in children
elevated CRP and ESR (nonspecific)

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osteomyelitis in sexually active?

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N. gonorrhoeae (rare)
septic arthritis more common

Front 50

osteomyelitis in DM, drug addicts?

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pseudomonas aeruginosa

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osteomyelitis in sickle cell?

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salmonella

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osteomyelitis in prosthetic replacement?

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S. aureus
S. epidermidis

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vertebral osteomyelitis?

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myobacterium tuberculosis (Pott's disease)

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osteomyelitis in cat/dog bites/scratches?

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pasteurella multocida

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UTI in ambulatory?

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E. coli (50-80%)
Klebsiella (8-10%)

staphylococcus saprophyticus (10-30%) 2nd MC of UTI in young,sexually active, ambulatory women

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UTI hospital acquired?

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E. coli
proteus
klebsiella
serratia
pseudomonas

Front 57

produce red pigment
often nosocomial, drug resistant
(UTI)

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serratia marcescens

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2nd leading cause community-acquired UTI in sexually active women?

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staphylococcus saprophyticus

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leading cause UTI
colonies show metallic sheen on EMB agar

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E. coli

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often nosocomial and drug resistant (UTI)

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enterobacter cloacae

Front 61

large mucoid capsule and viscous colonies (UTI)

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klebsiella pneumoniae

Front 62

motility causes "swarming" on agar
produces urease
associated with struvite stones
(UTI)

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proteus mirabilis

Front 63

blue green pigment and fruity odor
usually nosocomial, drug resistant
(UTI)

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pseuomonas aeruginosa

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leukocyte esterase positive indicates what type bug for UTI?

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bacterial

Front 65

nitrite test positive indicates what type of bug for UTI?

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gram negative

Front 66

"classic triad" chorioretinitis, intracranial calcifications, hydrocephalus

may be asx at birth

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toxoplasma gondii (torch infection)

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deafness, cataracts, heart defects (PDA, pulm artery stenosis), microcephaly, mental retardation

"blueberry muffin baby" rash

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rubella (torch)

Front 68

petechial rash, intracranial calcifications, mental retardation, hepatosplenomegaly, microcephaly, jaundice

90% asx at birth

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CMV (torch)

Front 69

hepatosplenomegaly, neuro abnormalities, frequent infection

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HIV (torch)

Front 70

encephalitis, conjunctivitis, vesicular skin lesions

often asx at birth, most transmitted during birth through infected genital tract

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HSV type II (torch)

Front 71

cutaneous lesions, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, saddle nose, saber shins, Hutchinson teeth, CN VIII deafness, rhinitis "snuffles"

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syphilis (torch)

Front 72

acquired placentally or from birth canal?

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listeria
E. coli
group B strep

Front 73

"slapped cheek" rash

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parvovirus B19

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roseola

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HHV-6

Front 75

scarlet fever

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group A strep
red rash of childhood

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red rashes of childhood

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measles, rubella, roseola, scarlet fever, parvoB19

Front 77

otitis media in children

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S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
Moraxella catarrhalis

Front 78

urethritis
cervicitis
PID
prostatitis
epididymitis
arthritis
creamy purulent discharge

Back 78

gonorrhea (N. gonorrhoeae)

Front 79

painless chancre

Back 79

primary syphilis
(Treponema pallidum)

Front 80

fever
lymphadenopathy
skin rashes
condylomata lata

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secondary syphilis
(Treponema pallidum)

Front 81

gummas
tabes dorsalis
general paresis
aortitis
argyll robertson pupil

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tertiary syphilis
(treponema pallidum)

Front 82

painful penile, vulvar, cervical ulcers
can cause systemic sx such as fever, headache, myalgia

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genital herpes (HSV-2)

Front 83

urethritis
cervicitis
conjunctivitis
Reiter's sx
PID

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chlamydia
(Chlamydia trachomatis D-K)

Front 84

ulcers
lymphadenopathy
rectal strictures

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lymphogranuloma venereum
(C. trachomatis L1-L3)

Front 85

vaginitis
strawberry-colored mucosa

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trichomoniasis

Front 86

opportunistic infections
Kaposi's sarcoma
lymphoma

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AIDS
(HIV)

Front 87

genital warts
koilocytes

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condylomata accuminata
(HPV6 and 11)

Front 88

jaundice

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hepatitis B (HBV)

Front 89

painful genital ulcer
inguinal adenopathy

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chancroid
(H. ducreyi)

Front 90

noninflammatory, malodorous discharge (fishy smell)
positive whiff test, clue cells

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bacterial vaginosis
(Gardnerella vaginalis)

Front 91

PID most common cause STI (in US)?

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C. trachomatis
cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign)
purulent cervical dicharge

also N. gonorrhoeae (acute, high fever)

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Fitz-Hugh Curtis syndrome

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infection liver capsule
"violin string" adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver (PID)

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clue cells

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gardnerella

Front 94

corkscrew motility on wet prep

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Trichomonas

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new born nursery (nosocomial)

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CMV, RSV

Front 96

urinary catheterization (nosocomial)

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E. coli
proteus mirabilis

Front 97

respiratory therapy equipment (nosocomial)

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pseudomonas aeruginosa

Front 98

work in renal dialysis unit (nosocomial)

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HBV

Front 99

hyperalimentation (nosocomial)

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candida albicans

Front 100

water aerosols (nosocomial)

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legionella

Front 101

pus, empyema, abscess

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S. aureus

Front 102

pediatric infection

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H. influenzae (including epiglottitis)

Front 103

pneumonia in CF, burn infection

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Front 104

branching rods in oral infection

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Actinomyces israelii

Front 105

traumatic open wound

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Clostridium perfringens

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surgical wound

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S. aureus

Front 107

Dog/cat bite

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Pasteurella multocida

Front 108

Currant jelly sputum

Back 108

Klebsiella

Front 109

Sepsis/meningitis in newborn

Back 109

group B strep