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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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10's for pheochromocytoma:
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10s:
malignant bilateral extraadrenal calcify kids familial |
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5 P's for pheochromocytoma
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pain, pallor, palpitations
perspirations pressure |
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tx for pheo
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phenoxybenzamine
phentolamine |
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MEN I
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pancreas, pituitary, parathyroid
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MEN II
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med ca of thyroid
pheo parathyroid |
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Men III
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med ca of thyroid
pheo oral and intestinal ganglioneuromatosis (mucosal neuromas) |
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cold intolerance, hypoactivity, wt gain, fatigue, lethargy, dec appetite, constipation, weakness, dec reflexes, myxedema, dry, cool skin, and coarse, brittle hair
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hypothyroidism
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heat intolerance, hyperactivity, wt loss, chest pain and chest palps, arrhythmias, diarrhea, inc reflexes, warm, moist skin, and fair hair
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hyperthyroidism
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proptosis, EOM swelling, pretibial myxedema, diffuse goiter
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Graves' disease
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thyroid replaced by fibrous tissue
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Riedel's thyroiditis
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Autoimmune d/o --> hypothyroidism. Lymphocytic infiltrate with germinal centers
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis
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Antimicrosomal Abs and antithyroglobulin Abs
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis
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self-limited hypothyroidism following a flulike illness
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subacute thyroiditis (de Quervain's)
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Is the thyroid tender in subacute thyroiditis?
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yes (nontender in Hashimoto's thyroiditis)
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List the 4 kinds of thyroid cancer in order of most prevalence:
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pap ca
follicular ca medullary ca anaplastic/undiff |
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"ground-glass" nuclei, psammoma bodies
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pap ca of thyroid
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from C cells; produces calcitonin, sheets of cells in amyloid stroma
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med ca
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causes of cretinism
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lack of dietary iodine
defect in T4 formation Dev. failure of thyroid formation |
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pot-bellied, pale, puffy-faced child with protruding umbilicus and protuberant tongue
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cretinism
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large tongue with deep furrows, deep voice, large hands and feet, coarse facial features, impaired glucose tolerance
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acromegaly
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inc GH in children
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gigantism
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tx for acromegaly
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octreotide
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findings in 1^ hyperparathyroidism
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bones, stones, groans, moans
Osteitis fibrosa cystica Renal stone constipation psych - confused state |
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most likely cause of 1^ and 2^ hyperparathyroidism
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1^: adenoma
2^: dec Ca due to CRF |
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bone lesions due to 2^ hyperpara b/c of renal disease
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renal osteodystrophy
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2 signs of hypoparathyroidism
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Chvostek's sign - tap facial nerve --> contraction of facial mm
Trousseau's sign - occlusion of brachial artery with BP cuff leads to carpopedal spasm |
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hypocalcemia, shortened 4th/5th digits, short stature
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pseudohypoparathyroidism (aka Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy) (kidney unresponsive to PTH)
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Causes of hypercalcemia
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CH(2)IMPANZEES
Ca ingestion Hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism Iatrogenic (thiazides) Multiple myeloma Paget's disease addison's disease neoplasms Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Excess Vit D Excess Vit A Sarcoidosis |
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small vessel manifestations of DM
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retinopathy, glaucoma, nephropathy
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tests for DM
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fasting serum glucose, glucose tolerance test, HbA1c
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kussmaul respirations (rapid/deep breathing), hyperthermia, n/v, abd pain, dementia, dehydration, fruity breath odor
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DKA (Breathe easy...)
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tx for DKA
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fluids, insulin, and K+; glucose if necessary to prevent hypoglycemia
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complications of DKA
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mucormycosis, Rhizopus, cerebral edema, arrhythmias, heart failure
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causes of DI
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lack of ADH (central DI)
lack of renal response to ADH (nephrogenic DI) |
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tx for central DI
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desmopressin (ddavp)
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tx for nephrogenic DI (3 possible)
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thiazides, indomethacin, amiloride
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diarrhea, cutaneous flushing, asthmatic wheezing, right-sided valvular disease
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carcinoid syndrome
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most common tumor of appendix
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carcinoid tumor
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carcinoid syndrome has inc ___ in urine
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5 HIAA
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Carcinoid syndrome not seen if tumor is limited to ___
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GI tract (first pass metabolism in liver)
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carcinoid tumors secrete high levels of ___ and are gneerally found in the ___
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5-HT; small bowel
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carcinoid tumors are derived from ___
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neuroendocrine cells of GI tract
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rule of 1/3 for carcinoid syndrome
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1/3 metastasize
1/3 present with 2nd malignancy 1/3 multiple |
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tx for carcinoid syndrome
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octreotide
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gastrin secreting tumor of pancreas or duodenum; causes recurrent ulcers
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Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
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