Fa Ans Pharm

Front 1

class of drug: bethanechol

Back 1

direct cholinergic agonist

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class of drug: carbachol

Back 2

direct cholinergic agonist

Front 3

class of drug: pilocarpine

Back 3

direct cholinergic agonist

Front 4

class of drug: methacholine

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direct cholinergic agonist

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class of drug: neostigmine

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indirect cholinergic agonist (increase endogenous Ach)

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class of drug: pyridostigmnine

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indirect cholinergic agonist (increase endogenous Ach)

Front 7

class of drug: edrophonium

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indirect cholinergic agonist (increase endogenous Ach)

Front 8

class of drug: physostigmine

Back 8

indirect cholinergic agonist (increase endogenous Ach)

Front 9

class of drug: echothiophate

Back 9

indirect cholinergic agonist (increase endogenous Ach)

Front 10

specific clinical application: bethanechol

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postop and neurogenic ILEUS and URINARY RETENTION (bowels and bladder)

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specific clinical application: carbachol

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glaucoma, pupillary contraction, release of intraocular pressure

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specific clinical application: pilocarpine

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stimulator of sweat, tears, saliva PILe on the sweat and tears

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specific clinical application: methacholine

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challenge test for asthma diagnosis

Front 14

specific clinical application: neostigmine

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postop and neuro ileus and urinary retention, myasthenia gravis, reversal of neuromuscular junction blockade (postop)

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specific clinical application: pyridostigmine

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myasthenia gravis - long acting (doesn't penetrate CNS)

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specific clinical application: edrophonium

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diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (short acting)

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specific clinical application: physostigmine

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glaucoma (crosses BBB) and atropine overdose

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specific clinical application: echothiophate

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glaucoma

Front 19

which indirect cholinergic agent crosses the CNS?

Back 19

physostigmine

Front 20

which indirect cholinergic agent does not cross the CNS?

Back 20

neostigmine NEO = no brain

Front 21

cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning antidote

Back 21

atropine (musc antagonist) and pralidoxime (regenerates acitve cholinesterase)

Front 22

symptoms of cholinesterase poisioning:

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DUMBBELSS diarrhea, urination, miosis, branchospasm, bradycardia, excitation (skeletal muscle and CNS), Lacrimation, Sweating

Front 23

class of drug: atropine

Back 23

muscarinic antagonist

Front 24

class of drug: homatropine

Back 24

muscarinic antagonist

Front 25

class of drug: tropicamide

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muscarinic antagonist

Front 26

class of drug: benztropine

Back 26

muscarinic antagonist

Front 27

class of drug: scopolamine

Back 27

muscarinic antagonist

Front 28

class of drug: ipratropium

Back 28

muscarinic antagonist

Front 29

class of drug: methscoplamine

Back 29

muscarinic antagonist

Front 30

class of drug: oxybutynin

Back 30

muscarinic antagonist

Front 31

class of drug: glycopryrrolate

Back 31

muscarinic antagonist

Front 32

class of drug: pirenzepine

Back 32

muscarinic antagonist

Front 33

class of drug: propantheline

Back 33

muscarinic antagonist

Front 34

muscarinic antagonists acting at the: eye

Back 34

atropine, homatropine, tropicamide

Front 35

muscarinic antagonists acting at the: CNS

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benztropine, scopolamine

Front 36

muscarinic antagonists acting at the: repiratiory system

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ipratropium

Front 37

muscarinic antagonists acting at the: genitourinary system

Back 37

methsccopolamine, oxybutynin, glycopyrrolate

Front 38

muscarinic antagonists acting at the: gastrointestinal system

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pirenzepine, propantheline

Front 39

clinical application of: atropine, homatropine, tropicamide

Back 39

mydriasis and cycloplegia

Front 40

clinical application of: benztropine, scopolamine,

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parkinson's disease (park my BENZ), motion sickness

Front 41

clinical application of: ipratropium

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asthma, COPD

Front 42

clinical application of: methscopolamine, oxybutynin, glycopyrrate

Back 42

reduce urgency in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms

Front 43

clinical application of: pirenzepine, propantheline

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peptic ulcer

Front 44

mydriasis = _____ stimulation, while miosis = ______ stimulation

Back 44

alpha1, M3

Front 45

what drug class decreases humor synthesis due to vasoconstriction? Glaucoma

Back 45

alpha 1 agonists (Epi and brimonidine)

Front 46

what drug class decreases humor secretion? Glaucoma

Back 46

beta-blockers (timolol, betaxolol, carteolol)

Front 47

what drug class decreases humor secretion due to decreased HCO3-? Glaucoma

Back 47

acetazolamide

Front 48

what drug class increases outflow of aqueos humor, contracts ciliary muscle and opens trabecular meshwork?

Back 48

cholinomimetics (pilocarpine, carbachol, physostigmine, echothiophate)

Front 49

what drug class only increases outflow of aqueous humor? Glaucoma

Back 49

prostaglandin (latanoprost PGF2a)

Front 50

side effects of epinephrine in treating glaucoma

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mydriasis, stinging- do not use on closed-angle glaucoma

Front 51

side effects of cholinergics in treating glaucoma

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miosis, cyclospasm

Front 52

side effect of latanoprost in treating glaucoma

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darkens iris (browning)

Front 53

atropine is a muscarinic ______

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antagonist (blocks dumbbelss)

Front 54

atropine can cause ________ glaucoma in elderly, _____ in men with prostatic hypertrophy, and _______ in infants

Back 54

angle-closure glaucoma, urinary retention, hyperthermia

Front 55

hexamethonium is a __________ .

Back 55

nicotinic antagonist

Front 56

clinical use of hexamethonium

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glanglionic blocker- prevents vagal reflex resonse to changes in BP

Front 57

toxicity of hexamethonium

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orthostatic hypotension, blurred vision, constipation, sexual dysfunction

Front 58

drug class and receptor specificity of : epinephrine

Back 58

a1,a2,b1,b2 low doses selective for b1

Front 59

drug class and receptor specificity of : NE

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direct sympathomimetic A1, A2> B1

Front 60

drug class and receptor specificity of : isoproterenol

Back 60

direct sympathomimetic B1=B2

Front 61

drug class and receptor specificity of : dopamine

Back 61

direct sympathomimetic D1= D2 > B > a

Front 62

drug class and receptor specificity of : dobutamine

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direct sympathomimetic B1>B2 inotropic but not chronotropic

Front 63

drug class and receptor specificity of : phenylephrine

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A1>A1

Front 64

drug class and receptor specificity of : albuterol

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B2>B1 (selective B2 agonist)

Front 65

drug class and receptor specificity of : ritodrine

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B2

Front 66

drug class and receptor specificity of : amphetamine

Back 66

indirect general agonist- releases stored catacholamines

Front 67

drug class and receptor specificity of : ephedrine

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indirect general agonist- releases stored catacholamines

Front 68

drug class and receptor specificity of : cocaine

Back 68

indirect general agonist, uptake inhibitor

Front 69

drug class and receptor specificity of : clonidine

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sympathoplegic- central acting A2 agonist - decreases central adrenergic outflow

Front 70

drug class of : alpha-methyldopa

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sympathoplegic

Front 71

drug class and receptor specificity of : metaproterenol

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selective B2 agonist

Front 72

drug class and receptor specificity of : salmeterol

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selective B2 agonist

Front 73

drug class and receptor specificity of : terbutaline

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selective B2 agonist

Front 74

drug class and receptor specificity of : phenoxybenzamine

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nonselective alpha blocker

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drug class and receptor specificity of : phentolamine

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nonselective alpha blocker

Front 76

drug class and receptor specificity of : prazosin

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A1 selctive blocker

Front 77

drug class and receptor specificity of : terazosin

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A1 selctive blocker

Front 78

drug class and receptor specificity of : mirtazapine

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A2 selective blocker

Front 79

drug class and receptor specificity of : atenolol

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B1 selective blocker

Front 80

drug class and receptor specificity of : metoprolol

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B1 selective blocker

Front 81

drug class and receptor specificity of : acebutolol

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B1 selective blocker (partial)

Front 82

drug class and receptor specificity of : betaxolol

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B1 selective blocker

Front 83

drug class and receptor specificity of : propranolol

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nonselective beta blocker

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drug class and receptor specificity of : labetalol

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nonselective beta blocker

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drug class and receptor specificity of : timolol

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nonselective beta blocker

Front 86

clinical application of epinephrine

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anaphylaxis, glaucoma (open angle) asthma, hypotension

Front 87

clinical application of NE

Back 87

hypotension (but decreased renal perfusion)

Front 88

clinical application of isoproterenol

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AV block (rare)

Front 89

clinical application of dopamine

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shock (increases renal perfusion), heart failure

Front 90

clinical application of dobutamine

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shock, heart failure, cardiac stress testing

Front 91

clinical application of phenylephrine

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pupillary dilation, vasoconstriction, nasal decongestion

Front 92

clinical application of albuterol

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acute asthma

Front 93

clinical application of terbutaline

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reduces premature uterine contractions

Front 94

clinical application of ritodrine

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reduces premature uterine contractions

Front 95

clinical application of amphetamine

Back 95

narcolepsy, obesity, ADD

Front 96

clinical application of ephedrine

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nasal decongestant, urinary incontinence, hypotension

Front 97

clinical application of cocaine

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vasoconstriction and local anesthesia

Front 98

clinical application of clonidine

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hypertension, especially with renal disease

Front 99

clinical application of phenoxybenamine, phentolamine

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pheochromocytoma

Front 100

clinical application of prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin

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HTN, urinary retention in BPH

Front 101

clinical application of mertazapine

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depression

Front 102

clinical application of beta blockers

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hypertension, angina pectoris, MI, SVT, CHF, glaucoma (timolol)

Front 103

toxicity of phenoxybenzamine and phentolamine

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orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia

Front 104

toxicity of alpha1 selective blockers

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1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, headache

Front 105

toxicity of mirtazipine

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sedation, increased serum cholesterol, increased appetite

Front 106

toxicity of beta blockers

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impotence, asthma exacerbation, CV (bradycardia, AV block, CHF), CNS (sedation, sleep alterations)- careful with DM

Front 107

systolic and diastolic changes in BP and HR when NE administered:

Back 107

NE = alpha>beta so diastolic and systolic both rise - rise in MAP HR decreases due to reflex bradycardia

Front 108

systolic and diastolic changes in BP and HR when Epinephrine administered:

Back 108

epi= nonselective so- A1 drives systolic up, while B2 lets diastolic down. Widened pulse pressure- MAP remains stable - HR increases due to B1 effect

Front 109

systolic and diastolic changes in BP and HR when isoproterenol administered:

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isoproterenol = beta>alpha so B2 drives diastolic down, decrease in MAP HR increases due to B1 effect

Front 110

what is the effect on BP if a large dose of epinephrine is given after alpha blockade (phentolamine)?

Back 110

net depressor effect due to "selective" beta effect

Front 111

what is the effect on BP if a large dose of epinephrine is given?

Back 111

BP increases due to vasoconstriction

Front 112

what is the effect on BP if a large dose of phenylephrine is given after alpha blockade (phentolamine)?

Back 112

no change in BP

Front 113

what is the effect on BP if a large dose of phenylephrine is given?

Back 113

net pressor effect (alpha specific)