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122 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Brodmann's area 44, 45 is? ...
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Broca's area (motor speech)
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Brodmann's area 6 is? ...
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Premotor Area
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Brodmann's area 8 is? ...
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frontal eye movement and pupilary change area
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CN I has what function? ...
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Smell
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CN I passes through what 'hole'? ...
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cribriform plate
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CN II has what function? ...
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Sight
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CN II passes through what 'hole'? ...
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optic canal
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CN III has what 4 functions? ...
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eye movement, pupil constriction, accommodation, eyelid opening
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CN III inervates what 5 muscles. ...
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medial rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae superioris
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CN III passes through what 'hole'? ...
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superior orbital fissure
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CN IV has what function? ...
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eye movement
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CN IV inervates what muscle? ...
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superior oblique
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CN IV passes through what 'hole'? ...
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superior orbital fissure
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CN IX has what 4 functions? ...
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posterior 1/3 taste, swallowing, salivation (parotid), monitoring carotid body and sinus
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CN IX passes through what 'hole'? ...
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jugular foramen
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CN V has what 2 functions? ...
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mastication, facial sensation
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CN V1 passes through what 'hole'? ...
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superior orbital fissure
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CN V2 passes through what 'hole'? ...
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foramen rotundum
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CN V3 passes through what 'hole'? ...
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foramen ovale
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CN VI has what function? ...
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eye movement
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CN VI inervates what muscle? ...
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lateral rectus
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Brodmann's area 44, 45 is? ...
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Broca's area (motor speech)
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Brodmann's area 6 is? ...
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Premotor Area
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Brodmann's area 8 is? ...
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frontal eye movement and pupilary change area
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CN I has what function? ...
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Smell
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CN I passes through what 'hole'? ...
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cribriform plate
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CN II has what function? ...
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Sight
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CN II passes through what 'hole'? ...
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optic canal
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CN III has what 4 functions? ...
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eye movement, pupil constriction, accommodation, eyelid opening
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CN III inervates what 5 muscles. ...
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medial rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae superioris
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CN III passes through what 'hole'? ...
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superior orbital fissure
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CN IV has what function? ...
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eye movement
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CN IV inervates what muscle? ...
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superior oblique
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CN IV passes through what 'hole'? ...
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superior orbital fissure
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CN IX has what 4 functions? ...
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posterior 1/3 taste, swallowing, salivation (parotid), monitoring carotid body and sinus
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CN IX passes through what 'hole'? ...
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jugular foramen
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CN V has what 2 functions? ...
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mastication, facial sensation
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CN V1 passes through what 'hole'? ...
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superior orbital fissure
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CN V2 passes through what 'hole'? ...
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foramen rotundum
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CN V3 passes through what 'hole'? ...
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foramen ovale
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CN VI has what function? ...
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eye movement
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CN VI inervates what muscle? ...
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lateral rectus
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CN VI passes through what 'hole'? ...
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superior orbital fissure
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CN VII has what 4 functions? ...
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facial movement, anterior 2/3 taste, lacrimation, salivation(SL, SM glands)
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CN VII passes through what 'hole'? ...
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internal auditory meatus
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CN VIII has what 2 functions? ...
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hearing, balance
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CN VIII passes through what 'hole'? ...
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internal auditory meatus
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CN X has what 5 functions? ...
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taste, swallowing, palate elevation, talking, thoracoabdominal viscera
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CN X passes through what 'hole'? ...
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jugular foramen
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CN XI has what 2 functions? ...
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head turning, shoulder shrugging
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CN XI passes through what 'hole'? ...
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jugular foramen (descending) -- foramen magnum (ascending)
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CN XII has what function? ...
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tounge movements
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CN XII passes through what 'hole'? ...
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hypoglossal canal
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Complete the muscle spindle reflex arc by placing the following in order: alpha motor, Ia afferent, muscle stretch, extrafusal contraction, intrafusal stretch. ...
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muscle stretch - intrafusal stretch - Ia afferent - alpha motor - extrafusal contraction
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Extrafusal fibers are innervated by what motor neuron? ...
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alpha motor neuron
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From which 3 spinal roots does long thoracic nerve arises? ...
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C5, C6, C7
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General sensory/motor dysfunction and aphasia are caused by stroke of the? (ant. circle or post. circle) ...
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anterior circle
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Give 3 characteristics of a LMN lesion. ...
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atrophy, flaccid paralysis, absent deep tendon reflexes
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Give 3 charateristics of internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) ...
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medial rectus palsy on lateral gaze, nystagmus in abducted eye, normal convergence.
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Give 4 characteristics of an UMN lesion. ...
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spastic paralysis, increased deep tendon reflexes, + Babinski, minor to no atrophy
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Golgi tendon organs send their signal via what nerve? ...
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group Ib afferents
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Horner's Syndrome is present if the lesion in Brown-Sequard is above what level? ...
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T1
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How are the fibers of the corticospinal tract laminated? (legs/arms medial or lateral?) ...
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arms- medial, legs-lateral
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How are the fibers of the dorsal column laminated? (legs/arms medial or lateral?) ...
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legs-medial, arms-lateral
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How are the fibers of the spinothalmic tract laminated? (sacral/cervical medial or lateral?) ...
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cervical-medial, sacral-lateral
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How do glucose and amino acids cross the blood-brain barrier? ...
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carrier-mediated transport mechanism
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How does the hypothalamus control the adenohypophysis? ...
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via releasing factors (ie. TRH, CRF, GnRF, etc.)
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Huntington's patients typically have what type of movements? ...
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Chorea
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If the radial nerve is lesioned, what 2 reflexes are lost? ...
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triceps reflex and brachioradialis reflex
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If you break your humerus mid-shaft, which nerve would likely injure? ...
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Radial Nerve
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If you break your medial epicondyle of the humerus, which nerve would likely injure? ...
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Ulnar nerve
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If you break your supracondyle of the humerus, which nerve would likely injure? ...
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Median nerve
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If you break your surgical neck of the humerus, which nerve would likely injure? ...
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Axillary nerve
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In a lesion of the radial nerve, what muscle is associated with wrist drop? ...
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extensor carpi radialis longus
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Intrafusal fibers are encapsulated and make up muscle spindles that send their signal via what nerve? ...
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group Ia afferents
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Intrafusal fibers are innervated by what motor neuron? ...
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gamma motor neuron
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Is Bell's palsy an UMN or a LMN lesion? ...
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LMN
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Is the Babinski reflex (positive or negative) when the big toe dorsiflexes and the other toes fan-out? ...
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positive (pathologic)
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Name 2 locations for lesions in Syringomyelia? ...
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ventral white commissure and ventral horns
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Name 3 locations for lesions in Vit.B12 neuropathy(Friedreich's ataxia)?
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dorsal columns, lateral corticospinal tracts, and spinocerebellar tracts
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Name 7 functions of the hypothalamus? ...
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Thirst/waterbalance, Adenohypophysis control, Neurohypophysis control, Hunger/satiety, Autonomic regulation, Temperature regulation, Sexual emotions. TAN HATS
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Name the 4 foramina that are in the posterior cranial fossa? ...
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internal auditory meatus, jugular foramen, hypoglossal canal, and foramen magnum.
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Name the 5 foramina that are in the middle cranial fossa? ...
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optic canal, superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, and foramen spinosum.
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Name the 5 functions of the Limbic system? ...
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Feeding, Fighting, Feeling, Flight, sex (F--K) [the famous 5 F's]
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Name the 5 segments of the brachial plexus in order from proximal to distal. ...
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roots - trunks - divisions - cords - branches
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Name the type of movement with slow writhing movements (esp. the fingers)? ...
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Athetosis
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Name the type of movement with sudden, jerky, purposeless movements? ...
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Chorea
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Name the type of movement with sudden, wild flailing of one arm? ...
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Hemiballismus
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Neurons from the globus pallidus have what action on the ventral anterior nucleus? ...
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Inhibitory
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Neurons from the striatum have what action on the globus pallidus? ...
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Inhibitory
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Place the following in order (from light entering the eye to reflex). Pretectal nuclei, pupillary constrictor muscle, retina, ciliary ganglion, Edinger-Westphal nuclei, CN II, CN III.
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retina, CN II, pretectal nuclei, Edinger-Westphal nuclei, CN III, ciliary ganglion, pupillary constrictor muscle
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Stimulation from the paraventricular nucleus cause the release of what hormone? ...
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Oxytocin
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Stimulation from the supraoptic nucleus cause the release of what hormone? ...
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ADH(Vassopressin)
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The Blood-Brain Barrier is formed by what 3 structures? ...
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choriod plexus epithelium, intracerebral capillary endothelium, astrocytes. (First Aid says Arachnoid but the brains say that’s a typo)
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The central retinal artery is a branch off what larger artery? ...
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ophthalmic artery
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The embryologic defect of having a cervical rib can compress what 2 structures? ...
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subclavian artery and inferior trunk of the brachial plexus
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The fasciculus cuneatus contains fibers from the upper or lower body? ...
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upper extremities
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The fasciculus gracilis contains fibers from the upper or lower body? ...
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lower extremities
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The hippocampal formation is connected to the mammillary body and septal area via what structure? ...
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Fornix
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The hippocampus has input from what two areas? ...
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entorhinal cortex, septal area
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The hippocampus has output to what two areas? ...
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mammillary body, septal area
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The infraorbital nerve is a branch off what larger nerve? ...
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CN V2
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The Nucleus Ambiguus has fibers from what 3 CNs? ...
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CN IX, X, XII
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The Nucleus Solitarius has fibers from what 3 CNs? ...
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CN VII, IX, X
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Traction or tear of the superior trunk of the brachial plexus causes what syndrome? ...
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Erb-Duchenne palsy (waiter's tip)
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Vertigo, ataxia, visual deficits, and coma are caused by stroke of the? (ant. circle or post. circle) ...
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Posterior Circle
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Visual fibers from the lateral geniculate body terminate on the upper and lower banks of what fissure? ...
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Calcarine fissure
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What 1 nerve root is assoc. with the achilles reflex? ...
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S1
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What 1 nerve root is assoc. with the biceps reflex? ...
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C5
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What 1 nerve root is assoc. with the patella reflex? ...
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L4
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What 1 nerve root is assoc. with the triceps reflex? ...
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C7
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What 2 areas have sensation deficit in a lesion of the median nerve? ...
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lateral palm/thumb and the radial 2 1/2 fingers
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What 2 areas have sensation deficit in a lesion of the ulnar nerve? ...
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medial palm and the ulnar 1 1/2 fingers
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What 2 cutaneus nerves are lost in a lesion of the radial nerve? ...
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posterior brachial cutaneous and posterior antebrachial cutaneous
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What 2 spinal roots make up the inferior trunk of the brachial plexus? ...
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C8, T1
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What 2 spinal roots make up the superior trunk of the brachial plexus? ...
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C5, C6
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What 2 structures pass through the internal auditory meatus? ...
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CN VII, VIII
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What 2 symptoms are seen with a lesion of the musculocutaneus nerve? ...
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difficulty flexing the arm, variable sensory loss
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What 2 symptoms are seen with a lesion of the ulnar nerve? ...
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weak intrinsic muscles of the hand, Pope's blessing
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What 3 blood barriers does the body have? ...
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blood-brain, blood-gas, blood-testis
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What 3 muscles are lost in a lesion of the musculocutaneous nerve? ...
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coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, and brachialis
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x
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x
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