Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
STAPH AUREUS
a)virulence factor? b)Inflam diseases? c)toxins? d)TSST MOA? e) catalase +/-, hemolytic, coagulase f) symptoms of TSST-1? |
a)Protein A: binds Fc-IgG inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis.
b)skin infections, abscess, pneumonia c)exfoliative:scalded skin , TSST-1, enterotoxin:rapid onset food poisoning d) superantigen, MHC II, TCR, polyclonal T cell activation e) cat +, B hemo, coag + f) desqua rash, hypotension, fever |
|
|
|
S. Epidermidis
a) catalase? coagulase? b) Novobiosin? c) infect? |
a) positive, negative
b) sensitive c) prosthetics, IV catheters |
|
|
|
S. Saprophyticus
a) catalase? coagulase? b) Novobiosin? c) infect? |
a) positive, negative
b) resistant c) honeymoon cystitis |
|
|
|
Strep Pyogenes
a) group? b) pyogenic? c) toxigenic? d) immunogenic? e) Bacitracin? f) Antibodies to what cause complications? g) how to detect recent infection? h) rheumatic fever symptoms? i) catalase? j) hemolytic? k) pharyngitis symptoms l) scarlet fever symptoms m) impetigo symptoms n) Acute glomeruloneph symptoms |
a) A
b) pharyngitis, cellulitis, impetigo c) scarlet fever, toxic-shock like d) rheumatic fever, acute glom e) sensitive f) M protein g) ASO titer h) Subcut plq, Polyarthritis, Erythema marginatum, Chorea, Carditis i) negative j) beta hemolytic k) tonsillar abscess, abrupt onset l) sandpaper rash, strawberry tongue m) honey crusted lesions n) smoky urine, HT, edema, after strep infection |
|
|
|
Strep Agalactiae
a) group? b) catalase? c) hemolytic? d) bacitracin? e) test? f) diseases? (3) g) CAMP factor is what? h) screen pregnant women when? prophylax with? |
a) group B
b) negative c) Beta d) resistant e) CAMP test (+) f) neonatal meningitis, septicemia, pneumonia g) enlarges area of hemolysis h) 35-37 weeks, penicillin |
|
|
|
Strep Pneumoniae
a) hemolytic? b) soluble in? c) Optochin? d) shape? e) virulence? (2) f) diseases? g) associated w/? |
a) alpha
b) bile c) Sensitive d) Lancet-shaped diplococci e) encapsulated, IgA protease f) Meningitis, Otitis Media (child), Pneumonia, Sinusitis g) rusty sputum, sepsis in HbS, splenectomy |
|
|
|
Viridans Strep
a) hemolytic? b) Optochin? c) bile? d) disease e) name 2 species |
a) alpha
b) Resistant c) insoluble d) plaque, dental carries, subacute bacterial endocarditis - preexisting damage to heart valves - follows dental work e) Strep mutans, S. Sanguis |
|
|
|
Enterococcus
a)Lancefield group? based on? b) species? c) normally found in? d) resistant to? e) disease? f) hemolysis? g) 6.5% NaCl , bile? |
a) group D, diff in C carb of bacterial cell wall
b) faecalis, faecium c) colonic flora d) penicillin G e) UTI, subacute endocarditis f) variable g) can grow |
|
|
|
Strep Bovis
a) group? b) colonizes? c) diseases? |
a) group D strep
b) gut c) bacteremia, subacute endocarditis in colon ca patients |
|
|
|
Beta Hemolytic Bacteria
a) means? b) list (4) |
clear area of hemolysis on blood agar.
b) Staph Aureus Strep Pyogenes (group A), Strep Agalactiae (group B), Listeria Monocytogenes |
|
|
|
Bacillus Anthracis
a) toxin? b) virulence? (3) c) Lethal Factor d) Edema Factor e) Protective Antigen f) cutaneous anthrax g) pulmonary anthrax/wool sorter's disease |
a) anthrax toxin
b) polypeptide capsule (only bacterium*) D-glutamate + Factors (lethal, edema) c) kills cells d) adenylate cyclase (calmodulin modulated like pertussis) e) B component (binds) f)contact ->black eschar (painless ulcer); edematous ring --> bacteremia/death g) inhale spores ->flulike, fever, pul. hemorrhage, mediastinitis, shock. |
|
|
|
Bacillus Cereus
a)disease and where found? b) virulence? |
rapid onset gastroenteritis, found in fried rice, chinese restaurant
b) Emetic toxin, cAMP watery diarrhea |
|
|
|
Spores
a) have what acid in their core? b) how do you kill spores? c) spores in soil? (3) d) other spore formers? |
a) dipicolinic acid
b) autoclave - steam 121 deg 15 min c)b. anthracis, c.perfringens, c.tetani d) b. cereus, c. botulinum, coxiella burnetii |
|
|
|
Clostridium Tetani
a) aerobic? b) disease? c) transmission? d) pathogenesis? e) where are inhib neurotransmitters normally released from? f) toxin binds to? g) disease symptoms? h) vaccine? i) treatment? |
a) obligate anaerobic bacilli
b) Tetanus c) puncture would/ human bite d) exotoxin: tetanospasmin - blocks glycine and GABA release (inhib neurotransmitters) e) Renshaw Cells of spinal cord f) ganglioside receptors g) spastic paralysis, trismus (lock jaw), risus sardonicus h) toxoid - formaldehyde i) AB + anti-toxin (only works on free toxin) |
|
|
|
Clostridia Botulinum
a) describe toxin b) MOA c) adults vs baby d) |
a) preformed, heat labile, A-B polypeptide neurotoxin
b) inhibit ACh release NMJ = botulism c) adult: preformed toxin, baby: spores d)toxin coded for by prophage |
|
|
|
Clostrudium Perfringens
a) what type of fermentation? b) hemolysis? c) toxin? d) what does toxin do |
a) stormy in milk media
b) double zone c) alpha toxin (lecithinase = phospholipase C) d) myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis |
|
|
|
Clostridia Difficile
a) toxin? b) toxin A? c) toxin B? d) which antibiotics? e) treatment f) diagnosis |
a) Toxin A, Toxin B
b) enterotoxin: bind to brush border of gut c) cytotoxin, destroy cytoskeletal structure of enterocytes --> pseudomonas colitis d) clindamycin, ampicillin, cephalosporins, amoxicillin) e) metronidazole, vancomycin f) detect toxin in stool |
|
|
|
Listeria Monocytogenes
a) aerobic? b) transmission? c) movement? d) diseases? (7) e) treatment? |
a) facultative intracellular -- granulomas
b) ingestion unpasteurized dairy, deli meats, vaginal transmission (birth) c) actin rockets, tumbling motility d) amnionitis, septecemia, spontaneous abortion, granulomatosis infantiseptica, neonatal meningitis , meningitis in IC, mild gastroenteritis in healthy individuals e) Ampicillin (baby, ic, elderly) |
|
|
|
Corynebacterium Diphtheriae
a) how cause diphtheriae? b) encoded by? c) MOA? d) symptoms e) lab diagnosis? f) prevention? g) shape? h) grows on what? i) ABCDEFG j) disease symptoms |
a) exotoxin
b) B-prophage c) inhibit protein synthesis via ADP ribosylation of EF-2 d) pseudomembranous pharyngitis (gray-white membrane) + lymphadenopathy e) metachromatic (blue, red) granules + Elek test for toxin f) toxoid vaccine g) club - coryne h) tellurite i) ADP ribosylation, B-prophage, Corynebacterium, Diphtheria, EF2, granules j) bull neck, myocarditis, nerve palsies |
|
|
|
Actinomyces Israelii
a) shape? aerobic? b) reservoir? c) disease? d) abscesses drain what and where e) brain lesions? f) treatment |
a) positive branching rod, anaerobic
b) gingival crevices, female genital tract -endogenous c) oral/facial abscess (lumpy jaw) d) abscess drain through sinus tract in skin. sulfur granules e) solitary f) penicillin |
|
|
|
Nocardia Asteroides
a) aerobic? b) acid fast? c) shape? d) disease? e) treatment? |
a) aerobic
b) partial acid fast c) branching rod (positive) d) cavitary bronchopulmonary nocardiosis (don't mix with TB) , pulmonary infection in IC ; multiple CNS abscess ; sulfur granules in exudate e) sulfonamides or trimethoprim |
|
|
|
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
a) grow fast or slow? b) aerobic? c) unique about cell wall? d) why unique cell wall? e) screening stain? f) confirm test? g) produce? h) most imp pathogen? i) sulfatides function? j) cord factor (trehalose dimycolate) function? k) tuberculin causes damage how? l) primary pulmonary TB m) reactivational TB n) catalase? o) symptoms p) what light therapy? |
a) slow growing
b) obligate aerobe (apex) c) high mycolic acids d) resistant to desiccation, chemicals e) Auramine-rhodamine staining bacilli f) acid fast g) niacin h) fact that its facultative intracellular i) inhibit phagosome-lysosome fusion j) causes serpentine growth, inhibit leukocyte migration, disrupt mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation k) HS type IV +CMI l) naive alveolar macrophages, killing macrophages until CMI - Gohn focus. move to lymph node - gohn complex m) erosion of granulomas into airways when IC, miliary TB if disseminate n) heat sensitive o) fever, night sweats, bloody sputum, weight loss p) UV light |
|
|
|
Mycobacteria Avium-intracellulare
a) causes b) prophylactic treatment? |
a) disseminated disease in AIDS
b) azithromycin |
|
|
|
Mycobacteria Kansasii
a) causes? c) diagnosis |
a) Pulmonary TB like symptoms
b) photochromogen |
|
|
|
Mycobacteria Scrofulacem
a) disease b) clinical presentation c) diagnosis |
a) lymphadenitis
b) solitary cervical LN in kids c) scotochromogen |
|
|
|
Mycobacteria Marinum
a) disease b) clinical presentation c) diagnosis |
a) soft tissue infections 'fish tank granuloma'
b) cutaneous granulomas in tropical fish enthusiasts c) photochromogen |
|
|
|
Gohn Complex
|
TB granulomas (Gohn focus + lobar and perihilar lymph node involvement). Reflects primary infection or exposure.
|
|
|
|
Mycobacterium Leprae
a) what temp does it like, warm or cold b) can it be grown in vitro? c) infects? d) reservoir in US e) treatment? f) treatment toxicity? g) alternate treatment? h) Lepromatous i) tuberculoid |
a) cool
b) nope c) skin and superficial nerves d) armadillos e) long-term oral dapsone f) hemolysis & methemoglobinemia g) rifampin, combo: clogazimine, dapsone h) diffusely over skin, communicable, low CMI + humoral Th2 response i) limited to a few hypoesthetic skin plaques, high CMI , high Th1 type |
|
|
|
Neisseria Meningococci
a) shape? b) ferment glucose? c) pathogenesis? d) ferment maltose? e) vaccine? f) diseases? (3) g) prophylaxis of close contacts with? h) treatment? |
a) diplococci
b) yes c) polysaccharide capsule, IgA protease, MAC complex def d) yes e) yes, no for type B f) meningococcemia, meningitis, Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome g) Rifampin h) cetriaxone, penicillin G |
|
|
|
Neisseria Gonococci
a) shape? b) found where? (in what cell) c) capsule? d) ferment maltose? e) vaccine? f) transmission? g) diseases? (5) h) Treatment? ceftriaxone |
a) diplococci
b) PMN c) no polysaccharide capsule d) no e) no b/c rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins f) STD g) gonorrhea, septic arthritis, neonatal conjunctivitis, PID, Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome |
|
|
|
Moraxella Catarrhalis
a) classification? a) normally found in? b) diseases (4) c) treatment? |
gram neg diplococci
a) upper respiratory tract b) sinusitis, otitis media, bronchitis, bronchopneumonia in elderly pt with COPD c) augmenton because drug resistance is a problem |
|
|
|
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
a) associated with? b) lactose fermenting? c) oxidase +/-? d) pigment? e) odor? f) reservoir? g) pathogenesis? h) treatment |
a) wound and burn infections
Pneumonia (CF), Sepsis (black lesion on skin), External Otitis (swimmer's ear), UTI, Drug use, Diabetic, Osteomyelitis, hot tub folliculitis b) non-lactose fermenting c) oxidase positive d) pyocyanin (blue-green) e) grapelike odor f) water source g) endotoxin (fever, shock), exotoxin A (inactivate EF2) h) aminoglycosides + extended spectrum penicillin (piperacillin, ticarcillin) |
|
|
|
Legionella Pneumophilia
a) 2 diseases b) identification? c) grows on? d) how detect clinically? e) transmission f) treatment? |
a) Legionnaires = severe pneumonia, fever
Pontiac= mild flu like b) silver stain (b/c gram stain poorly) c) charcoal yeast extract culture with iron, cysteine d) presence of antigen in urine e) aerosol transmission water source (no person to person)AC f) erythromycin |
legion driving silver pontiac, iron wheels, runs on charcoal
|
|
|
Francisella Tularensis
a) disease b) Transmission c) source ------kaplan d) pathogenesis e) found? |
a) Tularemia
b) ticks c) rabbit, deer fly d) facultative intracellular e) Arkansas, Missouri (central, south) |
|
|
|
Bordetella Pertussis
a) aerobic/anaerobic b) capsule? c) reservoir? d) transmission? e) pathogenesis (4 things) f) stages of whooping cough g) media to use? |
aerobic
b) yes c) human d) respiratory droplets e) filamentous hemagglutinin binds to ciliated epithelial cells -->ciliastasis Pertussis toxin (A-B), ADP ribosylation of Gi --> overactivate adenylate cyclase (cAMP), impairing phagocytosis to permit survival of microbe. interferes with transfer of signals from cell surface to intracellular mediator system . Adenylate cyclase toxin and Tracheal cytotoxin - damage cell resp tract. f) incubation, catarrhal (best chance of growth), paroxysmal (symptomatic), convalescent g) Regan-Lowe or Bordet-Gengou |
|
