Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the nursing implications for administration of eye drops?
|
-Never touch tip to eyeball
*Apply pressure on lacrimal sac during and 1-2 minutes following instillation to minimize systemic effects *Never place 2 medications into the eye at the same time (wait 5 min) -caution about "look alikes" such as ear drops |
|
|
What is a key characteristic of glaucoma?
|
Increased IOP
|
|
|
What does a miotic pupil look like?
|
Constricted
|
|
|
What does a mydriatic pupil look like?
|
Dilated
|
|
|
What is the normal range of intraocular pressure?
|
12 - 20 mmHg
|
|
|
What is the most common type of glaucoma?
|
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG)
|
|
|
What is less common type of glaucoma?
|
Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma
or Narrow Angle Glaucoma |
|
|
How high can IOP rise in Narrow Angle Glaucoma?
|
50 - 70 mmHg = emergency
|
|
|
What is the indication for betaxolol (Betoptic)?
|
glaucoma eye drops - first line therapy
|
|
|
What is the indication for timolol (Timoptic)?
|
glaucoma eye drops - first line therapy
|
|
|
How does betaxolol (Betoptic) and timolol (Timoptic) work?
|
Decreases IOP by decreasing production of aqueous humor by the ciliary body
|
|
|
What are the side effects for betaxolol (Betoptic)?
|
Local: minimal
-ocular stinging -conjuctivitis -blurred vision -photophobia -dry eyes Systemic: heart and lung effects |
|
|
What are the side effects from timolol (Timoptic)?
|
Local: minimal
-ocular stinging -conjuctivitis -blurred vision -photophobia -dry eyes Systemic: heart and lung effects |
|
|
What is the indication for latanoprost (Xalatan)?
|
Most frequently used glaucoma agent
|
|
|
How does latanoprost (Xalatan) work in the body?
|
Decreases IOP by facilitating aqueous humor flow
|
|
|
What are the side effects for latanoprost (Xalatan)?
|
*Brown pigmentation of the iris
-Increased pigment of eyelid -Increased growth and pigmentation of eyelashes *Blurred vision, burning, stinging, conjunctival hyperemia |
|
|
What is the indication for pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine)?
|
Glaucoma - 2nd line therapy
|
|
|
How does pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine)work in the body?
|
Causes miosis and contraction of the ciliary muscle which leads to decreased IOP
|
|
|
What are the side effects for pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine)?
|
Local:
-Myopia -poor visual acuity -irritation -ciliary spasm -brow pain, HA Systemic: -Hypersalivation -N,V,D -Bronchospasm -Decreased BP and HR |
|
|
What should you be concerned about with elderly patients taking pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine)?
|
effects on accommodation and night driving
|
|
|
What are the indications for atropine (Atropisol) in regards to the eye?
|
-Diagnosis of refraction
-Intraocular exam/surgery (Dilate and paralyze the eye) |
|
|
What are the side effects of atropine (Atropisol)?
|
Local:
-Blurred vision, photophobia -Loss of accommodation -Increase of IOP leading to glaucoma Systemic: -Dry mouth -Constipation -Fever -Tachycardia -CNS effects |
|
|
What is the indication for fluorescein?
|
Diagnostic dye to see any scratches on cornea
|
|
|
What are the side effects for diprvefrin (Propine)?
|
Local:
-HA, brow pain -blurred vision -ocular irritation Systemic: -Tachycardia -Increased BP -Dysrhythmias -Palpitations |
|
|
What are the side effects for epinephrine?
|
Local:
-HA, brow pain -blurred vision -ocular irritation Systemic: -Tachycardia -Increases BP -Dysrhythmias -Palpitations |
|
|
What are nursing implications for diprvefrin (Propine)?
|
-Caution with HTN or CV pts
-Check HR and BP regularly -Pressure on lacrimal sac will decrease systemic effects |
|
|
What is the route and what are the side effects of acetazolamid (Diamox)?
|
Route: po
Local SE: -Ocular stinging -Blurred vision -Tearing -Photophobia -Dry eyes Systemic SE: -Metallic taste -Polyuria -Anorexia, N,V,D -Numbness/tingling in fingers, toes, mouth, and tongue -Electrolyte imbalance |
|
|
What is the route and what are the side effects of dorzolamide (Trusopt)?
|
Route: Drops
Local SE: -Ocular stinging -Blurred Vision -Tearing -Eye dryness -Photophobia Systemic SE: -Metallic taste -Polyuria -Anorexia, N,V, D -Numbness/tingling in fingers, toes, mouth, and tongue -Electrolyte imbalance |
|
|
What is the route and what are the side effects for brinzolamid (Azopt)?
|
Route: Drops
Local SE: -Ocular stinging -Blurred Vision -Tearing -Eye dryness -Photophobia Systemic SE: -Metallic taste -Polyuria -Anorexia, N,V, D -Numbness/tingling in fingers, toes, mouth, and tongue -Electrolyte imbalance |
|
|
What are the nursing implications for acetazolamid (Diamox)?
|
-Watch for hypersensitivity
-Monitor fluid volume status -Push fluids to prevent renal calculi -Topical has fewer systemic SEs |
|
|
What are the nursing implications for dorzolamide (Trusopt)?
|
-Watch for hypersensitivity
-Monitor fluid volume status -Push fluids to prevent renal calculi -Topical has fewer systemic SEs |
|
|
What are the nursing implications for brinzolamide (Azopt)?
|
-Watch for hypersensitivity
-Monitor fluid volume status -Push fluids to prevent renal calculi -Topical has fewer systemic SEs |
|
|
What should you do before instilling ear drops?
|
Assess first: canal clear? TM intact?
|
|
|
What are the symptoms of Otitis Media?
|
Ear pain, fever, vomiting, irritability, impaired hearing, sleeplessness, discharge, all cause TM to bulge outward.
|
|
|
What is the standard treatment for Otitis Media?
|
Oral amoxicillin, tubes with recurrent infection
|
|
|
What are the nursing implications for the instillation of ear drops?
|
-Monitor for hypersensitivity
-Warm drops -Cleanse ear -Pull ear up and back for adults -Gently massage anterior of ear to facilitate drug entry -Remain in side lying position on opposite side for 5 min -Cotton in canal |
|
|
What is the first sign of ototoxicity?
|
High pitched tinnitus, loss of highest tones
|
|
|
What is the second sign of ototoxicity?
|
Loss of low tones
|
|
|
What drugs can cause ototoxicity?
|
-ASA
-NSAIDS -Lasix -Antineoplastics -Aminoglycosides and the -mycins |
