Exss 175 Exam 1 Articular

Front 1

3 structural types of joints

Back 1

fibrous, cartilagenous, synovial

Front 2

3 functional types of joints

Back 2

synarthrosis (immovable), amphiarthrosis (slight movement) diarthrosis (moveable)

Front 3

fibrous joints

Back 3

lack synovial cavity
held by fibrous tissue
little to no movement

Front 4

3 structural types of fibrous joints

Back 4

syndesmoses
sutures
gomphosis

Front 5

suture

Back 5

immoveable synarthrosis
frontal bone is synsotosis

Front 6

syndesmoses

Back 6

bones united by ligament
slightly moveable (amphiarthrosis)

example- interrosous membrane btw tibia and fibula

Front 7

gomphosis

Back 7

ligaments hold cone shaped peg in bony socket
immoveable (synarthrosis)
tooth
peridontal ligament and alveolar process

Front 8

cartilagenous joints

Back 8

lack synovial cavity
little to no movement
connect bones with hyaline or fibro cartilage

2 types are synchrondoses
and symphyses

Front 9

synchrondosis

Back 9

connecting material is hyaline cartilage
synarthrosis
ex is epiphyseal plate btw ribs and sternum

Front 10

symphysis

Back 10

fibrocartilage is the connecting material
amphiarthrosis
example is intervertebral discs and pubic symphysis

Front 11

synovial joint structure

Back 11

1.joint cavity
2.articular cartilage
3. articular capsule
synovial membrane and fibrous capsule

Front 12

synovial fluid

Back 12

separates articulating bones
lubricates joints
supplies oxygen

Front 13

extracapsular ligament

Back 13

thickenings of fibrous capsule

Front 14

intracapsular ligament

Back 14

inside articular capsule, usually gets sprained

Front 15

articular discs

Back 15

menisci, separate and divide joint cavity to allow separate movements, 2 different bones can fit together, increase joint stability

Front 16

articular capsule is composed of what two layers?

Back 16

fibrous capsule, contains ligaments

and synovial membrane- secretes lubricating fluid

Front 17

the fibrous capsule is

Back 17

flexible, permits movement at joint and has great tensile strength

Front 18

the articular capsule qualities

Back 18

surrounds a diarthrosis, encases synovial cavity and unites articulating bones

Front 19

bursae

Back 19

fluid filled sacs, reduce friction between structures

Front 20

articular cartilage gets its blood and nutrients from

Back 20

synovial fluid

Front 21

sprain

Back 21

ligaments and joint capsule

Front 22

strain

Back 22

muscle or tendon injury

Front 23

dislocation

Back 23

bones forced out of normal position

Front 24

6 types of synovial joints

Back 24

planar
hinge
pivot
condyloid
ball and socket
saddle

Front 25

planar joint

Back 25

synovial
bones are flat and slightly curved
side to side movement
rotation is prevented by ligaments

ex intercarpal/intertarsal
sternoclavicular
vertebrocostal

Front 26

hinge joint

Back 26

synovial
convex part of one joint fits into concave portion of another
uniaxial much like a door hinge
flexion, extension, hyperextension

knee, elbow, ankle, IP joints

Front 27

pivot joint

Back 27

synovial
rounded surface of one bone articulates with another ring of bone
monoaxial- it allows rotation around longitudinal axis

ex proximal radioulnar (supinate and pronate)

Front 28

condyloid or ellipsoidal joint

Back 28

oval shaped projection fits into oval shaped depression
biaxial (flex/extend)
or abduct/adduct-

ex wrist and metacarpophalangeal

Front 29

saddle joint

Back 29

synovial
one part is saddle, other part fits on top of saddle

biaxially- it allows circumduction and opposition

metacarpal of thumb with trapezium

Front 30

ball and socket joint

Back 30

synovial
ball fits into cup like depression
multiaxial
flex /extend
adduct /abduction
rotation

shoulder and hip

Front 31

TMJ

Back 31

temporomandibular joint
formed by condylar process of mandible
mandibular fossa and articular tubercle of temporal bone

Front 32

movements of jaw include

Back 32

elevate, depress, protract and retract

Front 33

TMJ is what two types of joint

Back 33

gliding (planar ) and hinge

Front 34

shoulder joint

Back 34

ball and socket, movement over stability
GH and AC separations are common

Front 35

GH joint

Back 35

glenohumeral (shoulder) joint
glenoid cavity to anatomical neck of the humerus
subacromial bursa

Front 36

AC joint

Back 36

supporting shoulder joint
associated ligaments strengthen the joint capsule

Front 37

transverse humeral ligament

Back 37

holds biceps tendon in place

Front 38

rotator cuff muscles

Back 38

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
subscapularis
teres minor

Front 39

elbow joint

Back 39

humeroulnar joint
flex and extend

Front 40

lateral epicondylitis

Back 40

tennis elbow

Front 41

medial epicondylitis

Back 41

golfers elbow

Front 42

radial annular ligament

Back 42

holds radial head in place

Front 43

medial collateral ligament

Back 43

on lateral side
keeps integrity of joint

Front 44

lateral collateral ligament

Back 44

on medial side
keeps integrity of elbow joint

Front 45

distal radioulnar joint

Back 45

pivot joint
supination and pronation

Front 46

radiocarpal joint

Back 46

abduction/adduction
gliding
circumduction

Front 47

hand joints

Back 47

intercarpal
carpometacarpal
metacarpophalangeal
interphalangeal

Front 48

gliding joints of hand

Back 48

intercarpal and carpometacarpal

Front 49

condyloid joint of hand

Back 49

metacarpophalangeal

Front 50

hinge joints of hand

Back 50

metacarpophalageal and interphalangeal

Front 51

extrinsic ligaments of hand

Back 51

attach between carpal bones and radius or metacarpals

Front 52

ulnar collateral and radial collateral ligaments are examples of

Back 52

extrinsic ligaments

Front 53

intrinsic ligaments of hand

Back 53

insert and originate on carpals or metacarpals of hand

Front 54

MCP DIP and PIP collateral ligaments are also

Back 54

intrinsic