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17 Cards in this Set

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What is the "marker" physiologist measure to see improvement in aerobic training? For anaerobic training?
VO2 max; none, so far
How is ANAEROBIC CAPACITY tested?
By using the WINGATE TEST to measure the POWER OUTPUT during high intensity exercise over a short 30 second period
(Power output = joules/sec, or Watts)
What is the WINGATE TEST PROTOCOL?
steps: (for cycle ergometer)
1. accelerate pedaling frequency with zero load to around 100 rpm
2. quickly load 10% of the athletes body mass (i.e., 70 kg = 7 kp load; for non-athletes, use 7.5% body mass)
3. maintain highest pedal frequency possible for 30 seconds
4. calculate Power Output
4 things
What is PEAK POWER OUTPUT in the WINGATE TEST EVALUATION? What does it measure?
the highest power output of an individual; measured in Watts/kg BW
*it measures the ability of PCr systems to generate ATP*
(greater ATP production, the more power one can produce)
What is the MINIMAL POWER OUTPUT in the WINGATE TEST EVALUATION?
the lowest power output of an individual; measured in Watts/kg BW
What does the MEAN POWER OUTPUT show in the WINGATE TEST EVALUATION?
the average power output of an individual over 30 seconds
*It shows the combined ability of PCr and glycolytic system to generate ATP*
What does the FATIGUE INDEX show us in the WINGATE TEST EVALUATION?
the peak to minimum power output difference divided by time
(peak - min.)/time [measured in Watts/minute]
*tells us how well the individual can maintain power output*
What are the components of the WINGATE TEST EVALUATION a physiologist must look at in measuring one's anaerobic capacity?
1. peak power output
2. minimal power output
3. mean power output for 30 seconds
4. fatigue index
What do we want to improve in the WINGATE TEST?
1. increased peak power
2. decreased fatigue index
*This will show that power is increase and maintained longer.
2 things
What are the main things we see with METABOLIC ADAPTATIONS TO ANAEROBIC TRAINING?
1. increased ATP-PCr and glycolytic enzymes
2. increased muscle oxidative capacity (for sprints longer than 30 seconds)
3. increased muscle buffering capacity
4. increased muscle strength
4 things
What are some ADAPTATIONS to ANAEROBIC exercise?
1. Increased ATP-PC and glycolytic enzymes
2. increased muscle oxidative capacity (for sprints longer than 30 sec)
3. increased muscle buffering capacity
4. increased muscle strength
4 things
Comparing aerobically trained athletes to anaerobically trained athletes, what is a large contributing factor to overall improvement of INDIVIDUAL types?
ENZYMES; aerobically trained athletes have increase aerobic enzymes, while anaerobically trained athletes have increased anaerobic enzymes.
Comparing aerobically trained athletes to anaerobically trained athletes, what is a large contributing factor to overall improvement of BOTH types?
POWER OUTPUT increases in both types of trained athletes.
Performance improvements after ANAEROBIC training (short, high-intensity training) appear to be related more to __________ than _______.
muscular strength gains; improvement in the anaerobic yield of ATP through the ATP-PC and glycolytic systems
ANAEROBIC training improves ________ but does little to ______.
muscle buffering capacity; increase the muscles' capacity to tolerate sprint-type activities.
What does improved muscle BUFFERING capacity allow?
allows sprint-trained athletes to generate energy for longer periods before fatigue limits the contractile process
What are the IMPORTANT ADAPTATIONS to ANAEROBIC training?
from greatest to least importance:
1. increased muscular strength
2. increased muscle buffering capacity
3. increased glycolytic enzymes
3 things