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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Motivation
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a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior
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Instinct
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a complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned
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Drive-reduction Theory
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the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need
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Homeostasis
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a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level
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Incentive
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a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
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Yerkers-Dodson Law
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the principle that performance increases with arousal only up to a point, beyond which performance decreases
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Hierarchy of needs
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Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active
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Glucose
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the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for the body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger.
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Set point
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the point at which your "weight thermostat" is supposedly set. When your body falls below this weight, increased hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may combine to restore the lost weight
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Basal metabolic rate
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the body's resting rate of energy expenditure
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Achievement motivation
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a desire for significant accomplishment, for mastery of skills or ideas, for control, and for rapidly attaining a high standard
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Emotion
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a response of the whole organism involving (1) physiological arousal, (2) expressive behaviors, and (3) conscious experience
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James-Lange theory
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the theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli
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Cannon-Bard theory
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the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion
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Two-factor theory
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the Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal
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Polygraph
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a machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measures several of the physiological responses (such as perspiration and cardiovascular and breathing changes) accompanying emotion.
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