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87 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
  • 3rd side (hint)
cell
Basic unit of all living things. The human body is composed of trillions of cells, which vary in size and shape according to function.
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cell membrane
forms the boundary of the cell.
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cytoplasm
gel-like fluid inside the cell.
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nucleus
Largest structure within the cell, usually spherical and centrally located. It contains chromosomes for cellular reproduction and is the control center of the cell.
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chromosomes
Located in the nucleus of the cell. There are 46 chromosomes in all normal human cells, with the exception of mature sex cells, which have 23.
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genes
(Several thousand) Are located with in the chromosome and they determine hereditary characteristics.
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DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
Comprises each gene; is a chemical that regulates the activities of the cell.
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Tissue
Group of similar cells that performs a specific task.
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Muscle tissue
Composed of cells that have a special ability to contract, usually producing movement.
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Nervous tissue
Found in the nerves, spinal cord, and brain. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling body activities.
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Connective tissue
Connects, supports, penetrates, and encases various body structures. Adipose (fat) and osseous (bone) tissues and blood are types of connective tissue.
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Epithelial tissue
The major covering of the external surface of the body; forms membranes that line the cavities and organs and is the major tissue in glands.
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Organ
Two or more kinds of tissues that together special body functions. For example, the skin is an organ composed of epithelial, connective, muscle, and nerve tissue.
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System
Group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions.
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Cranial cavity
Space inside the skull (cranium) containing the brain.
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Spinal cavity
Space inside the spinal column containing the spinal cord.
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Thoracic, or chest, cavity
Space containing the heart, aorta, lungs, esophagus, trachea, and bronchi.
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Abdominal cavity
Space containing the stomach, intestines, kidneys, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, and ureters.
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Pelvic cavity
Space containing the urinary bladder, certain reproductive organs, parts of the large intestine, and the rectum.
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Abdominopelvic cavity
Both the pelvic and abdominal cavity.
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aden/o
(WR) gland
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cyt/o
(WR) cell
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epitheli/o
(WR) epithelium
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fibr/o
(WR) fiber
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hist/o
(WR) tissue
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kary/o
(WR) nucleus
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lip/o
(WR) fat
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my/o
(WR) muscle
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neur/o
(WR) nerve
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organ/o
(WR) organ
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sarc/o
(WR)flesh, connective tissue
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system/o
(WR) system
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viscer/o
(WR) internal organs
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cancer/o
(WR) cancer
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cancer
A disease characterized by the unregulated, abnormal growth of new cells.
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carcin/o
(WR) cancer
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eti/o
(WR) cause (of disease)
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gno/o
(WR) knowledge
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iatr/o
(WR) physician, medicine (also means treatment)
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lei/o
(WR) smooth
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onc/o
(WR) tumor, mass
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path/o
(WR) disease
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rhabd/o
(WR) rod-shaped, striated
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somat/o
(WR) body
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chlor/o
(WR) green
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chrom/o
(WR) color
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cyan/o
(WR) blue
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erythr/o
(WR) red
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leuk/o
(WR) white
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melan/o
(WR) black
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xanth/o
(WR) yellow
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dia-
(P) through,complete
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dys-
(P) painful,abnormal, difficult, labored
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hyper-
(P) above, excessive
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hypo-
(P) below, incomplete, deficient
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meta-
(P) after, beyond, change
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neo-
(P) new
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pro-
(P) before
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-al
(S) pertaining to
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-ic
(S) pertaining to
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-ous
(S) pertaining to
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-cyte
(S) cell
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-gen
(S) substance or agent that produces or causes
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-genesis
(S) orgin, cause
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-genic
(S) producing, originating, causing
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-logist
(S) one who studies and treats (specialist, physician)
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-logy
(S) study of
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-oid
(S) resembling
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-oma
(S) tumor, swelling
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-osis
(S)abnormal condition (means increase when used with blood cell word roots)
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-pathy
(S) disease
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-plasia
(S) condition of formation, development, growth
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-plasm
(S) growth, substance, formation
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-sarcoma
(S) malignant tumor
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-sis
(S) state of
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-stasis
(S) control, stop, standing
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benign
not malignant, nonrecurrent, favorable for recovery
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carcinoma in situ
cancer in the early stage before invading the surrounding tissue
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chemotherapy
treatment of cancer with drugs
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encapsulated
enclosed in a capsule, as with benign tumors
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exacerbation
increase in the severity of a disease or its symptoms
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idiopathic
pertaining to disease of unknown orgin
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inflammation
response to injury or destruction of tissue characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain
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in vitro
within a glass, observable within a test tube
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in vivo
within the body
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malignant
tending to become progressively worse and to cause death, as in cancer
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radiation therapy
treatment of cancer with a radioactive substance, x-ray, or radiation (also called radiation oncology and radiotherapy)
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