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9 Cards in this Set

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Marco Polo (ca. 1254 – ca. 1324):

Marco PoloAn Italian merchant traveler whose travels are recorded in Livres des merveilles du monde.

Christopher Columbus (1451–1506)

sailed for Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain, taking the Niña, Pinta, and Santa Maria and landing at San Salvador in the Bahamas before discovering Hispaniola and founding the settlement of Navidad there.

John Cabot (1450–1499)

Was a Genoese explorer, sailed for Henry VII of England. Cabot’s 1497 voyage aboard the Matthew landed somewhere in eastern Canada, probably in what is today Newfoundland.

Jacques Cartier (1491–1557)

Was a Frenchmen who went on three expeditions (1534–1542) for Francis I. On the second one, he sailed up the St. Lawrence River and named the hill behind the village of Hochelaga “Montreal.”

Samuel de Champlain (ca. 1567–1635):

Was a Frenchmen who went on several voyages (1603–1635), founding what is now Quebec City and becoming the first European to see Lake Huron.

Ferdinand Magellan (ca. 1480–1521)

Emperor Charles V endorsed his proposal to sail around the Americas and across the Pacific, and the expedition left in 1519. He began with five ships: the San Antonio, Trinidad, Concepción, Santiago, and Victoria. The expedition discovered and navigated the Strait of his in 1520, reaching the Philippines in 1521. There, he was killed in battle on the island of Mactan.

Hernan Cortés (ca. 1485–1547)

Spanish conquistador who participated in the conquest of Cuba. In 1519 the Cuban governor Diego Velázquez commissioned him to sail west and explore the mainland coast. Fearing that Velazquez would change his mind, he left Cuba secretly and began a mission of conquest rather than exploration. After traveling north, him and his men defied the authority of Velazquez by founding the city of Veracruz, an act which allowed him to take legal control of the expedition. The Spanish then pressed inland, surviving an attempted massacre in the city of Cholula and making allies with the Tlaxcalans, who were traditional enemies of the Aztecs. Upon reaching the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan, him and his men were welcomed by the Aztec emperor Montezuma II. He took Montezuma prisoner, but was forced to return to the coast to deal with a punitive expedition sent by Velazquez and commanded by Panfilo de Narvaez.

Francisco Pizarro (ca. 1475–1541)

After receiving a commission from Emperor Charles V, he went with his partner Diego de Almagro, and a small force to Peru (1530). The invaders marched to the city of Cajamarca, where they seized the emperor Atahualpa and held him for ransom. Even though the Incas brought the Spanish a ransom of precious metal, He killed Atahualpa and captured the Incan capital of Cuzco. In 1535 He founded Lima, where he was murdered six years later.

Sir Francis Drake (ca. 1543–1596)

In 1576, Elizabeth I of England sent Francis Drake to find the unknown southern continent. his ship was the Pelican, which he renamed the Golden Hind. After sailing through the Strait of Magellan, Drake sailed up the western coast of South, Central, and North America as far as California, capturing Spanish ships and treasure along the way.