Exercise Physiology Chapter 1

Front 1

Exercise physiology

Back 1

A basic and applied science that describes, explains, and used the body's response to exercise and adaptation to exercise training to maximize human physical potential

Front 2

Exercise

Back 2

A single cute bout of bodily exertion or muscular activity that requires an expenditure of energy above resting level and that in most but not all cases results in voluntary movement

Front 3

Homeostasis

Back 3

The state of dynamic equilibrium (balance) of the internal environment of the body

Front 4

Exercise response

Back 4

The pattern of homeostatic disruption or change in physiological variables during a single acute bout of physical exertion

Front 5

Exercise modality or mode

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The type of activity or sport; usually classified by energy demand or type of muscle action

Front 6

Maximal (max) exercise

Back 6

The highest intensity greatest load or longest duration exercise of which an individual is capable

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Absolute submaximal workload

Back 7

A set exercise load performed at any intensity from just above resting to just below maximum

Front 8

Relative submaximal workload

Back 8

A workload above resting buffalo maximum that is prorated to each individual. Typically set as some percentage of maximum

Front 9

Maximum voluntary contraction (MVC)

Back 9

The maximal force that the muscle can exert

Front 10

1-RM

Back 10

The maximum weight that an individual can list once during a dynamic resistance exercise

Front 11

Criterion test

Back 11

The most accurate test for any given variable. The measurement standard against which other tests are judged

Front 12

Laboratory tests

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Precise direct measurement of physiological functions for the assessment of exercise responses or training adaptations. Usually involves monitoring collection and analysis of expired air blood or electrical signals

Front 13

Field test

Back 13

A performance-based test that can be conducted anywhere and then estimates the values measured by the criterion test

Front 14

Training

Back 14

A consistent or chronic progression of exercise sessions designed to improve physiological function for better health or sport performance

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Health related physical fitness

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That portion of physical fitness directed towards the prevention of rehabilitation from disease ,the development of a high level of functional capacity for the necessary and discretionary tasks of life, and the maintenance or enhancement of physiological functions in biological systems that are not involved in performance but are influenced by habitual activity

Front 16

Hypokinetic diseases

Back 16

Diseases caused by and or associated with the lack of physical

Front 17

Sport related physical fitness

Back 17

That portion of physical fitness directed towards optimizing athletic performance

Front 18

Physical fitness

Back 18

A physiological state of well-being that provides the foundation for the tasks of daily living a degree of protection against hypokinetic diseases and a basis for participation in sport

Front 19

Dose-response relationship

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A description of how change in one variable is associated with the corresponding change in another variable

Front 20

Training principles

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Fundamental guidelines that form the basis for the development of an exercise training program

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Training volume

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The quantity of training overload calculated as frequency times duration for anaerobic or aerobic continuous exercise or number of set times number of repetitions for resistance exercise

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Periodization

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Plan for training based on a manipulation of the fitness components with the intent of peaking the athlete for the competitive season or varying health related fitness training in cycles of harder or easier training

Front 23

Training adaptations

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Physiological changes or adjustments resulting from an exercise training program that promote optimal functioning

Front 24

Detraining

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The partial or complete loss of training induced adaptations as a result of a training reduction or cessation

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Stress

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The state manifested by the specific syndrome that consists of all the nonspecifically induced changes within a biological system. At disruption and body homeostasis and all attempts by the body to regain homeostasis

Front 26

Overtraining syndrome (OTS)

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Is state of chronic decrement in performance and ability to train, and what restoration may take several weeks, months, or even years