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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 3 functions of the excretory system?
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1. regulates fluid
2. controls acid-base balance 3. controls electrolyte balance |
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What percentage of pumped blood goes directly into kidneys?
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25%
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hilum
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place on kidney where blood vessels enter
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What is the shape of the kidney?
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concave
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what does it mean when we say that the kidneys are retroperitoneal?
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They are behind the peritoneal cavity
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columns of Bertin
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wedge of cortical tissue
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malpighian corpuscles
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microscopic filtration units
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***calix
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top of pyramid goes into this - cuplike recesses inside
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renal pelvis
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funnel cavity
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The outermost covering of kidney
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outer cortex
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The inside ducts of the kidneys are called?
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inner medulla
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transitional epithelium
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lines ureter and bladder
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trigone
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triangular area of bladder formed by 2 ureter openings and 1 urethra
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urethra
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transitions urine to the outside
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urethral oriface
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outside opening
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micturation/voiding
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urinate
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urinalysis
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common urine lab test
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anuria
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suppression of urine
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dribbling
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uncontrollable drops of urine
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dysuria
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painful urination
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edema
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swelling
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enuresis
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bedwetting
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frequency
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frequent urination
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hematuria
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bloody urine
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hesitancy
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difficulty urinating
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incontinence
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inability to control excretory functions
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ischuria
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suppression of urine (voluntary or involuntary)
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nocturia
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urinating at night
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oliguria
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diminished amount of urine to fluid intake
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pneumaturia
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gas in urine
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pollakiuria
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increased frequency but NOT volume
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polyuria
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increased frequency and volume
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urgency
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compelling need to void
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azotemia
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excess urea in blood
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calculi
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mineral deposits that block urinary system (like kidney stones)
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cystitis
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inflammation of bladder
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diabetes mellittus (DM)
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endocrine metabolic disorder from inadequate utilization of insulin
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glycosuria
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sugar in urine
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diabetic nephropathy
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disease of kidneys that accompanies diabetes and leads to renal failure
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extrophy of the bladder
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congenital deformity - bladder fails to open on surface
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Fanconi syndrome
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failure of renal tubules to absorb amino acids, glucose, and phosphorus
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What can be a result of Fanconi syndrome?
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osteomalacia
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floating kidney
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kidney loosely attached to bed of fat - can happen with weight loss
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glomerulonephritis
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inflammation of glomeruli of the kidneys
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glomeruli
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cluster of nerves or vessels
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horsehoe kidney
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fusion of kidneys across midline
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hydronephrosis
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distension of kidneys due to obstructed ureters
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Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease
(glomerulosclerosis) |
round, nodular masses form in the glomeruli of kidneys
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metabolic acidosis
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disturbance of acid-base balance the gives acidic readings
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nephritis
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inflammation of kidneys
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nephrosis/nephrotic syndrome
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abnormal condition of kidney - proteinuria, hypoalbumenemia, edema.
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papillary necrosis
(necrotizing papillitis) |
renal papillae become infarcted and necrotic. Apices slough into the renal pelvis
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polycystic kidney disease
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(hereditary) renal tissue is replaced with clusters of cysts and clear fluid
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pyelonephritis
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inflammation of kidney due to bacteria
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renal failure
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kidneys shut down
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urolithiasis
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calculi in urinary tract
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urinary tract infection (URI)
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microorganisms in urinary tract
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Wilms tumor
(nephroblastoma) |
mixed tumor of kidneys that develops in fetal life or infancy.
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