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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Urea |
Nitrogen waste formed from two molecules of ammonia and one molecule of carbon dioxide |
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Uric Acid |
A waste product formed from the breakdown of nucleic acids. |
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Ureter |
A tube that conducts urine from the kidney to the bladder |
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Urethra |
The tube that carries urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body |
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Nephron |
A functional unit of the kidney |
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Afferent arteriole |
A small branch of the renal artery that carries blood to the glomerulus |
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Glomerulus |
The high-pressure capillary bed that is the site of filtration. |
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Effete Arteriole |
A small branch of the renal artery that carries blood away from the glomerulus to the peritubular capillaries |
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Peritubular capilary |
A member of the network of small blood vessels that surround the tubular of the nephron |
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Bowman's capsule |
The cuplike structure that surrounds the glomerulus |
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Proximal tubule |
The section of the nephron joining the Bowman's capsule with the loop of henle |
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Loop of Henle |
The section of the tubule that carries filtration from the proximal tubule to the distal tubule |
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Distal tubule |
Conducts urine from the loop of henle to the collecting duct |
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Collecting duct |
A tube that carries urine from nephrons to the renal pelvis |
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Threshold level |
The maximum amount of a substance that can be moved across the nephron |
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Interstitial fluid |
The fluid that surrounds the body cells |
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Kidney Stones |
They are caused by the precipitation of mineral solute from the blood |
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Proper function of kidneys |
Essential for maintaining equilibrium |
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How are kidney diseases detected? |
Detected by urinalysis |
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Treatment for kidney disease |
Dialysis and transplants |
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Nephritis |
A broad description of many diseases characterized by inflammation of the nephrons. One type can affect the tiny vessels of the glomerulus |
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Diabetes Mellitus |
It is caused by inadequate secretion of insulin from islet cells in the pancreas. Without insulin, blood glucose levels tend to rise. Need insulin injections |
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Urine formation depends of three functions |
Filtration, reabsoption, and secretion |
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Functions of kidneys |
Help maintain pH by excretion excess H+ ions and restoring HCO3 ions to the blood. Remove waste and maintain water balance |
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Medulla |
The area inside of the cortex |
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Renal pelvis |
The hallow area where the kidney joins the ureter |
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Cortex |
The outer layer of the kidney |