Exam Question Definitions

Front 1

Flexion Righting Reaction

Back 1

Ability to maintain the head aligned with the body when pulled to a sitting position.

Front 2

Protective Reactions

Back 2

Elicited through displacement (such as falling forward) and protect infants from falls.

Front 3

Body Righting on Body Reaction

Back 3

Represented by the rotation between trunk segments (also a Rotational Righting Reaction).

Front 4

Optical Righting Reaction

Back 4

Incorporates vision and allows the child to right the head against gravity.

Front 5

Denial

Back 5

Defense mechanisms or defenses are used unconsciously by the person's ego in order to keep anxiety-producing thoughts, information or wishes out of consciousness.

Front 6

Projection

Back 6

The process by which a person attributes to another person to unacceptable thoughts and feelings he/she is having.

Front 7

Rationalization

Back 7

When an individual makes excuses for unacceptable behavior.

Front 8

Regression

Back 8

When an individual reverts to infantile or childlike behavior as a way of dealing with a difficult situation.

Front 9

TEACCH cirriculum

Back 9

Many teachers who have children with autism spectrum disorders in their classroom incorporate instructional techniques from TEACCH. At the preschool level this involves having children learn individually or in small groups, with an emphasis placed on structuring the environment to increase development of communication and social skills, fine motor and gross motor development, and self-help skills.

Front 10

Behavioral Frame of Reference

Back 10

Focuses on observation and analysis of problem behaviors as well as identifying specific measurable outcomes which will indicate change in behaviors. The use of reinforcement methods (applied reward systems) to develop desired behaviors and skills are also included.

Front 11

Isometric Muscle Contraction

Back 11

Involves contracting the muscle without joint movement or a change in muscle length.

Front 12

Isotonic Muscle Contraction

Back 12

These contractions shorten the muscle length accompanied by joint movement.

Front 13

Symbolic Play

Back 13

Associated with the development of language and concepts.

Front 14

Exploratory Play

Back 14

Provides children with experiences that develop body scheme, sensory integrative and motor skills, and concepts of sensory characteristics and actions on objects.

Front 15

Creative Play

Back 15

Characterized by refinement of skills in activities that allow construction, social relationships, and dramatic play (finger painting).

Front 16

Recreational Play

Back 16

Leisure experiences that allow the exploration of interests and roles such as arts and crafts or sports.

Front 17

Directive Group

Back 17

Highly structured approach and often used in acute care psychiatric settings for patients with psychoses who display disorganized thinking and disturbed functioning.

Front 18

Activity Group

Back 18

Require a higher level of task behavior and ability to engage in occupation to enable skill development.

Front 19

Psychoeducation Group

Back 19

Based on Cognitive Behavioral Theory and focus on teaching information and techniques that require a level of learning capacity that may be impaired during acute mental illness.

Front 20

Neurodevelopmental Group

Back 20

Uses gross motor activity and sensory stimulation techniuqes to enhance sensory integration in persons with long histories of chronic schizophrenia.

Front 21

How is the Suck-Swallow Reflex facilitated?

Back 21

Gently touch the infant's lips to encourage her to open her mouth and begin sucking motions.

Front 22

How is the Rooting Reflex facilitated?

Back 22

Touch the infant's cheek before feeding.

Front 23

How is the Phasic-bite Reflex facilitated?

Back 23

Softly stimulate the infant's gums before feeding.

Front 24

What are Burn Hand Splints used for?

Back 24

To prevent stress on the superficial tendons and ligaments, decreasing edema secondary to the avoidance of dependent positioning.

Front 25

What are the side effects of Extrapyramidal Syndrome?

Back 25

May cause muscular rigidity, tremors, and/or sudden muscle spasms; should avoid using power tools or sharp instruments.

Front 26

What are some common side effects of Neuroleptic Medication?

Back 26

Can be taken for extrapyramidal syndrome. Side effects can include photosensitivity, hypotension, and dry mouth.

Front 27

What is the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill?

Back 27

A support group that is open to clients and families and focuses on eduation and support related to all mental illnesses.

Front 28

What is Al-Anon?

Back 28

A support group for alcohol use among family members.

Front 29

What is Recovery, Inc.?

Back 29

A self-help support group for clients with mental disorders.

Front 30

Explain Wheelchair Accessibility related to doorways and toilets.

Back 30

Minimum doorway width that allows a standard wheelchair to pass through easily is 32 inches. A standard toilet is 15 inches, which is 3 inches lower than the standard wheelchair seat. Raising the toilet seat to 18 inches makes transfers easier.

Front 31

What is the Maximal Postural Positioning in a Wheelchair?

Back 31

Slight Anterior Tilt - this position helps to distribute tissue pressure throughout the buttock and thigh and can help inhibit abnormal reflexive responses for some individuals.

Front 32

What is Fidelity?

Back 32

Remaining faithful to the patient's best interest, including confidentiality.

Front 33

What is Beneficence?

Back 33

Striving to bring about the best possible outcome for patients served though treatment modalities.

Front 34

What is Nonmalefience?

Back 34

The obligation to avoid doing harm to another or to avoid creating a circumstance in which harm could occur to another.