Exam One Phonetic Study Set

Front 1

LANGUAGE

Back 1

Symbolic System in which language is communicated

Front 2

SPEECH

Back 2

A mode of language: Speech, writing, sign, tactile coding.

Front 3

MORPHEME

Back 3

Smallest unit of meaning: Free / Bound

Front 4

PHONEME

Back 4

Smallest unit of speech sound

Front 5

ALAPHONE

Back 5

Variants of phonemes: Aspirated or unaspirated
Key / cook, Butter, Top

Front 6

DIALECT

Back 6

Social or cultural language speech pattern.

Front 7

IDIOLECT

Back 7

An individuals Speech Pattern.

Front 8

PHONOLOGY

Back 8

Systematic organization of sounds in languages.

Front 9

THREE MAJOR SYSTEMS FOR SPEECH

Back 9

Respiratory: Power Supply
Phonatory:
Supralaryngeal:

Front 10

PARTS AND PURPOSE OF THE:
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Back 10

Power supply for speech:
Lung, Bronchi, Bronicolis, alvioli, muscle of rib cage, intercostals, diaphram,

Front 11

PARTS AND PURPOSE OF THE:
PHONATORY SYSTEM

Back 11

Produce voice: Larynx (cartilage and vocal folds), Trechea (windpipe)

Front 12

PARTS AND PURPOSE OF THE:
ARTICULATOR/ SUPRALARYNGEAL SYSTEM

Back 12

Speech sounds are formed by modifying the vocal tract. Shapes the laryngeal tone.
Pharnyx, Oral Cavity, Nasal Cavity

Front 13

4 MOBILE ARTICULATORS

Back 13

Tongue, mandible, velum, lips

Front 14

3 NONMOBILE ARTICULATORS

Back 14

Teeth, nasal cavity, hard palate

Front 15

PARTS AND PURPOSE OF THE:
NERVOUS SYSTEM

Back 15

Coordinating speech.

Front 16

PARTS AND PURPOSE OF THE:
AUDITORY SYSTEM

Back 16

Hearing and processing language.

Front 17

3 VOWEL FEATURES

Back 17

1) Unconstricted Vocal Tract
2) Sustained indefinitely
3) Syllable nucleus, (guts)

Front 18

What is a DIPHTHONG

Back 18

Vowels produced with a gradually changing articulator.
From "on glide" to off "glide"

Front 19

LIST THE 3 PHONEMIC DIPHTHONGS
(Cannot be reduced)

Back 19

.

Front 20

LIST THE 2 NONPHONEMIC DIPHTHONGS
(Can be reduced)

Back 20

.

Front 21

DESCRIBE TENSE VOWELS

Back 21

Greater tension
longer duration
Occur in open syllables (no consonant after, ha, pa)

Front 22

DESCRIBE LAX VOWELS

Back 22

Lax occur before n.

Front 23

LIST TENSE VOWELS

Back 23

.

Front 24

LIST LAX VOWELS

Back 24

.

Front 25

RULES FOR REDUCED VOWELS

Back 25

Maybe devoiced when followed by a voiceless stop.
Influenced by surrounding vowels (add, and nasalized)

Front 26

Describe STOPS - OBSTRUANTS

Back 26

Close off airflow completely
Close off velopharangeal port
Release built up air pressure in explosions
Voiced counter parts b - p, t - d, k - g

Front 27

3 STAGES IN STOP PRODUCTION

Back 27

1) CLOSING STAGE
2) CLOSED STAGE
3) RELEASE

Front 28

DESCRIBE VOICED STOPS - OBSTRUANTS

Back 28

Air pressure behind stop closure equals sir pressure beneath vocal folds.

Front 29

LIST 3 TYPES PF VOICELESS STOPS

Back 29

ASPIRATED
UNASPIRATED FINAL

Front 30

DESCRIBE ASPIRATED VOICELESS STOPS

Back 30

VOCAL FOLD DELAY
ASPIRATION NOICE (puff of air)
Pie, key ,take p

Front 31

DESCRIBE UNASPIRATED VOICELESS STOPS

Back 31

voiceless stops preceded by s
no puff of air from glottis
All voiced stops are unaspiated

Front 32

DESCRIBE FINAL VOICELESS STOPS

Back 32

Have little Phonation
choice: release or unreleased
nap- voiceless
nab-voiced

Front 33

DESCRIBE STOP ALLOPHONES

Back 33

Final Stops unreleased ( t )
Glottal stops preceded by nasal ( ) kitten, beaten
Tap (r) better, city, ( )
Flap (r) dirty, ladder