Exam- Jan 13 - April 7 Readings

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introductory overview of this reciprocal relationship by exploring these questions:

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(1) what are the implications for nature and humans of current human dominance? ;
(2) why has this happened?;
(3) what is being done to reduce the impacts of humans on nature?;
(4) how successful are those efforts?
(5) what should we do now?

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(1) Interdisciplinary environmental studies

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Soulé, M.E. and Daniel, P (1998).
"What is environmental studies?"

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(2) Temporal and spatial trends in human impacts on nature

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Goudie, A (1997).
"Introduction to the Developing Environmental Impact." The Earth Transformed: An Introduction to Human Impacts on the Environment.

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(3) Current and future implications

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Vitousek, PM. et al 2000.
"Human Domination of Earth's Ecosystems."

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(4) Population growth

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Cunningham, WP., (2005).
" Human Populations."

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(5) Per capita consumption

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-Durning, A (1992).
"The Conundrum of Consumption; The Consumer Society." How Much is Enough?

-Kates, R.W. (2000).
"Population and Consumption: What We Know, What We Need to Know."

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(6) Technology as problem

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Stearns, PN. (2007).
" Global Industry and the Environment."

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(7)Technology as problem and solution

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Ehrlich, PR.(2004).
"Technology Matters."

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(8) Development of the empirical method

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Bernal, J.D. (1969).
"Science in History: The Scientific and Industrial Revolutions"

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(9)The current role of science

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York, Richard (2009).
"The Science of Nature and the Nature of Science."

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(10)Capitalism

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Comor, E A. (2008).
"The Birth of Capitalist Consumption."

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(11)Anthropocentrism

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Fox, W (1990).
"Moving Away from Human-Centredness: From Silent Spring to Deep Ecology.

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(12)Power: human-human and human-nature

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Bookchin, Murray (2005)
" Society and Ecology."

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(13)Understanding the interconnected dynamic of causes

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Meyer, WB. (1996). "Changes in Population and Society."

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(14)Civil society - domestic environmentalism

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Harper, CL. (2001).
"Environmentalism: Ideology, Action and Movements."

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(15)Civil society - global environmentalism

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Wapner, Paul (1995).
"Politics Beyond the State: Environmental Activism and World Civic Politics."

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(16)The state -domestic

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Withgott, J (2010).
"Environmental Policy: Decision Making and Problem Solving."

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(17)The state - international

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Vogler, J (2008).
"Environmental Issues." The Globalization of World Politics: An introduction to international relations

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(18)The market

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Eisner, MA (2007).
"From Greed to Green: Corporate Environmentalism and Management."

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(19)The individual

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Nickerson, RS. (2003).
"Attitude Assessment and Change."

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(20)Evaluation of efforts in society, state, market and by individuals

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Speth, JG (2004).
" First Attempt at Global Environmental Governance;
Anatomy of Failure." Red Sky at Morning: America and the Crisis of the Global Environment.

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(21)Accelerate current mainstream action

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Ontario Environment Network (1991).
Sustainability As If We Mean It: An Action Agenda Prepared by Ontario`s Citizens Groups and Environmental Organizations

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(22)Take fundamentally different, radical action

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Brecher, J (2000).
"A World to Win - for What?; Draft of a Global Program." Globalization from Below: The Power of Solidarity.

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(23)What can a second-year U. of T. student do?

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-Winter, D (2004).
"Putting it Together: Using Psychology to Build a Sustainable World." The Psychology of Environmental Problems.

-Devall, B (1985).
"Epilogue." Deep Ecology: Living as if Nature Mattered