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48 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What factors make it difficult to define E/BD?
we lack precise definitions of mental health and normal behavior, there are substantial differences among conceptual models, measurement of emotions and behavior is imprecise
What is behavior not due to?
psychological problems
what are some dimensions of E/BD?
attention problems, aggression, psychotic behavior, internalizing and externalizing, comorbidity
what is a characteristic of chidren with E/BD?
they score below grade level on achievement tests
what are some school practices that contribute to E/BD?
child's temperament and social competence can interact with the behaviors of classmates and teachers, negative interactions, instruction, expectations, and approaches to behavior management
autism is no longer considered E/BD under IDEA because?
because it is a neuron thing
what are some characteristics of Tourette's?
begins in childhood, 3 times more prevalent in boys, repetitive motor movements (tics) accompanied by vocal outburts that may include grunting noises or socially inappropriate words or statements
what is the meaning of syntax?
the way words are joined together to structure meaningful sentences
what is the meaning of semantics?
the study of meanings attached to words
what is pragmatics?
how people use language in social situations, the functional use of language
aphasia v.s. apraxia
apraxia is the inability to plan and coordinate speech

aphasia is damage to the brain hindering one's ability tos peak and understand speech
what is an IFSP?
individualized family service plan- a plan mandated by PL-99-457 to provide services for young children with disabilties under 3 years of age and their families; drawn up by professionals and parents, similar to an IEP for older children
what is decoding?
the ability to transfer the written words into speech
what is encoding?
the ability to transfer speech into words
what is the educational definition of Deafness?
a deaf person is one whose hearing disability precludes successful processing of linguistic information through audition, with or without a hearing aid
what is the educational definition of hard of hearing?
a person who is hard of hearing generally, with the use of hearing aid, had residual hearing sufficient to enable successful processing of linguistic information through audition
what is the meaning of congenitally deaf?
those who are born deaf
which is the most importan ear organ?
cochlea
what is the cochlea?
snail-shaped organ that lies below the vestibular mechanism in the inner ear; its parts convert the sounds coming from the middle ear into electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain
what is the vestibular mechanism?
responsible for the sense of balance
how does the cochlea develop during gestation?
it turns 2 1/2 times at the 8 week mark
how do cochlear implants work?
they are planted into the skull and electrodes are planted in your cochlea, it is now approved for 6 month old babies
what is the legal definition of blindness/sight?
a person who is legally blind has a visual acuity of 20/200 or less in the better eye even with correction or has a field of vision so narrow that its widest diameter subtends and angular distance no greater than 20 degrees
what are the test scores that consider you legally blind?
20/200
what is a snellen chart?
it is the most often used to determine visual acuity, it consists of ros of letters or Es arranged in different positions, each row corresponds to the distance at which a normally sighted person can discriminate the letters; does not predict how accurately a child child be able to read print
characteristics of persons whom are blind?
rubbing eyes, rocking, repetitive hand or finger movements, grimacing
what are the everday living modifications needed for those whom are blind?
orientation and mobility training, canes, guide dogs, human guides, tactile maps,technological aides
Tramautic brain injury characteristics
not a physical disability, educational programming is based on cognitive processing, many have a pretrauma history of learning, language and speech problems and during adolescence
what is the primary cause of TBI?
car accidents
How is CP classified with regards to limbs and mobility?
quadriplegia-all 4 limbs paralyzed, paraplegia-both legs paralyzed
is CP a progressive disorder?
no
what is a seizure?
a sudden alteration of conciousness, usually accompanied by motor activity and/or sensory phenomen; caused by an abnormal discharge of electrical energy in the brain
what is spasticity?
characterized by muscle stiffness and problems in voluntary movement; associated with spastic cerebral palsy
what is epilepsy?
a pattern of repeated seizures
what is spina bifida?
a congenital midline defect resulting from failure of the bony spinal column to close completely during fetal development
how common is spina bifida?
the most common birth defect
what is muscular dystrophy?
a hereditary disease characterized by progressive weakness caused by a degeneration of muscle fibers
what does FAS result in?
growth retardation, brain damage, intellectual disability, hyperactivity, anomalies of the face and heart failure
what are the areas of instruction of sociosexual education?
structures and functions of the human body, human relationships and responsibilities, and alternative modes of sexual gratification
autism is typically referred to as what?
autism spectrucm disorder
autism comes from what Greek word?
"autos" which means self
at what age is autism typically diagnosed by?
age 3, however some studies show that it can be as early as 18 months
what are some of the impairments that characterize it (autism)?
difficulty with social interactions, difficulty with communication, and repetitive patterns of behavior
is asperger syndrome similar to autism?
yes, they too have difficulty with communication appropriately
what does the family systems approach emphasize?
the individual's behavior being understood in the context of the family and the family's behavior being understood in the context of other social systems
is it true in the past, professionals blamed parents for a child's problem?
yes
are multiple disabilities rare?
yes
what does multiple disabilities mean?
concomitant impairments, the combination in which causes such severe educational problems that they cannot be accommadted in special education programs soley for one of the impairments