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16 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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EXAM 3 ANATOMY LECTURE 33: ENDOCRINE
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EXAM 3 ANATOMY LECTURE 33: ENDOCRINE
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Char of endocrine glands
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1. encapsulated in CT
2. secretory cells 3. richly vascularized 4. secrete into extracellular space |
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Pituitary gland (hypophysis)
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Infundibulum stalk hangs from hypothalamus.
Between the optic chiasm and mammillary bodies. Sits in sella turcica Surrounded by Circle of Willis and cavernous sinus. |
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How is the pituitary gland held in place?
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By the diaphragma sellae
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What are the parts of the adenohypophysis (ant. pituitary)?
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1. pars tuberalis
2. pars intermedia 3. pars distalis (anterior lobe) |
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Parts of neurophypophysis?
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1. median eminence
2. infundibular stalk 3. pars nervosa (posterior lobe) |
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ADH
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1. milk EJECTION
2. uterine contraction |
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Thyroid gland
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LARGEST pure endocrine gland.
Two hormones: 1. thyroid hormone 2. calcitonin |
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What are the two types of cells of thyroid gland?
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1. follicular cells
2. parafollicular cells |
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Follicular cells
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1. cuboidal to low columnar
2. make thyroglobulin 3. thyroglobulin is converted to thyroid hormone via TSH stimulation. |
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Parafollicular cells
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1. C (clear) cells
2. produce calcitonin: regulates Ca blood level by reducing it. |
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Parathyroid hormone
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1. Raises Ca blood level
2. increases activity of osteoCLAST (resorption of Ca from bone). 3. increases Ca reabsorption in kidneys 4. promotes production of Vit D |
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What are the two cell types of parathyroid hormone?
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1. Principle chief cells (produce PTH)
2. Oxyphil cells (unknown function). |
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Adrenal cortex
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1. zona glomerulosa (aldosterone production)
2. zona fasiculata (cortiso production) |
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What are the distinctive features of steroid secreting cells?
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1. abundant sER
2. no secretory granules 3. mito have unusual cristae 4. lipids abudant in cytoplasm |
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Cells (hormones) produced by pancreatic islets?
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1. alpha (glucagon)
2. beta (insulin) |
