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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mass Media |
The means employed in mass communications; traditionally divided into print media and broadcast media |
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Political functions of mass media |
1. reporting and interpreting news 2. Influencing citizens' opinions and setting the political agenda 3. socializing citizens about politics |
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Blog |
a form of newsletter, journal, or log of thoughts for public reading |
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Gatekeepers |
media executives, news editors, prominent reporters who direct flow of news. |
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What struggles did the constitution face towards presidency? |
shaping the office; one that was powerful enough to provide unified leadership, but not so strong to develop tyrants |
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Presidents eligibility criteria |
Natural born or parents who are U.S. citizens At least 35 years old 14 years resident of U.S |
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Art. II powers granted to President |
Executive power Commander-In-Chief power to grant reprieves (suspend sentences) and pardons Veto any bill (congress can override with 2/3 vote in each house) Make treaties with other countries with 2/3 senators Appoint head of 15 cabinet with majority senate vote |
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Impeachment |
majority of house vote in favor of |
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War powers resolution act of 1973 |
in emergencies president can deploy troops overseas if congressional consent is obtained for deployments lasting longer than 60 days, under constitution only congress has the power to declare war (most presidents say it is infringement of power) |
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Chair of federal reserve |
Janet Yellen has a considerable impact on economic policy and performance associated with the power to set interest rates and control money supply, closely linked with the public approval of the president |
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Executive Priviledge |
The right of the president to withhold confidential executive communications from other branches of government or the public |
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The Iran Hostage Crisis of 1979 |
President Jimmy Carter lost 100 citizens to a hostage situation and carter had a lack of success in getting them back and impacted his public approval |
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Watergate scandal |
President Nixon withheld information and claimed executive privilege |
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Executive Orders |
Used to issue orders, direction or guidance to federal government agencies and officials, does not need approval of congress. Newly elected presidents have the authority to revise or revoke previously issued orders
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What makes up the executive office of the president? |
White house staff, headed by the chief of staff, office of management and budget, council of economic advisors |
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What is a divided government at the federal level? |
one political party controls the white house and another controls at least one house of congress
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What does Going Public mean? |
Describes situations where president forces compliance from members of congress by going over their heads to appeal directly to their constituents |
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Judicial Review |
Marbury vs. Madison, the power of the supreme court to declare an act of congress of unconstitutional if the court violates the constitution |
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Levels of courts |
U.S. district courts (trial courts and original jurisdiction)
U.S. courts of appeal (appellate courts) U.S. supreme courts |
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What is a plea bargaining |
A defendant;s admission of guilt in exchange for a less severe punishment
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What does precedent mean?
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A judicial ruling that serves as the basis for the ruling in similar subsequent cases
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How many justices are on the supreme court and who is the chief judge?
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9; John G Roberts jr.
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What is the "rule of four"?
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an unwritten rule that requires at least four justices to agree that a case warrants consideration before it is reviewed by the supreme court.
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What is the Writ of Certiorari? |
Writ issued when the supreme court decides to hear and decide a case |
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What is appellate jurisdiction? |
the power vested in an appellate court authorizing it to review the decisions of lower courts |
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What is an "amicus curiae brief"? |
a "friend of the court" brief filled with the permission of the court by an individual or a group that is not a party to a legal action but has an interest in it |
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What is the Majority opinion, Concurring opinion, Dissenting opinion |
Majority- judicial opinion agreed to by more than half of the members of a court Concurring- a written opinion by one or more judges of a court which agrees with the decision made by the majority of the court, but states different (or additional) reasons as the basis for his or her decision. Dissenting-expressing disagreement with the majority opinion of the court which gives rise to its judgment |
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How are justices of the supreme court nominated and confirmed? |
The president appoints and the senate confirms |
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Georgia general assembly |
Bicameral, 236 members, up for election every 2 years, 56 senators and 180 house members, meets annually |
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The senate |
Lieutenant governor (Casey Cagle) serves as president |
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The house |
The representatives elect a speaker (David Ralston) among their members |
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Bills |
Passed with a simple majority of the entire membership of each chamber |
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Two third majority vote |
Tax legislation, Proposed amendments to the constitution, veto overrides, punitive action taken against a member of the general assembly, motions to change the order of business |
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States annual budget |
governor prepares and submits to general assembly during the first five days of the regular legislative season, also obligated to adopt a balanced budget (something the federal gov is not required to do. Gov can do a line-item veto in attempt to remove specific spending but not the whole budget (U.S. president can not do this) |
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Plural executive? |
Voters elect various department heads (Secretary of state, attorney general) rather than being picked by the governor |
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State Judges? |
Elected on nonpartisan ballots |
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Georgia attorney general? |
issue advisory opinions which can have the force of law unless overturned in court. |
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Superior Courts |
Trial courts of general jurisdiction, hear a broad range of civil and criminal cases |
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Court of Appeals |
Appellate court below the supreme court, not a trial court of original jurisdiction |
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District attorney |
represent the government and the people in criminal cases and have the ability to criminally charge individuals. |
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Probate courrt |
deals with wills, estates, marriage licenses, appointment of guardians, involuntary hospitalizations of individuals. |
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Magistrate court |
Bail, misdemeanors, small civil complaints (15,000 or less), and search and arrest warrents |
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Grand jury |
Group of original citizens (16-23 members) who meet and decide if there is probable cause to believe that someone should be charged (indicted) for commenting a felony. Attorney appears before grand jury (does not decide final guilt or innocence) |
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A Trial "petit" jury |
Decide guilt or innocence |
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Conviction |
sent to senate where 2/3 can vote for it to be |
