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226 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Internet
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A worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, governments agencies, educational institutions and individuals.
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Advanced research projects agency (ARPA)
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An agency of the U.S. Department of Defense that built the first internet.
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Goal of ARPANET
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Allow scientists at different locations to share information and work together. Also, They could function even if a part of the network was destroyed by a disaster.
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Host (Server)
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Any computer that provides services and connections to other computers on a network.
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Internet Traffic
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The communications activity on the Internet.
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World Wide Web Consortium
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Oversees research and sets standards and guildines for many areas of the Internet.
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Dial-up access
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The computer's modem uses a standard telephone line to connect to the Internet.
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Cable Modem
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A device that allowss access to high-speed Internet services through the cable television network
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Fixed Wireless
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High-speed internet connection using a dish shaped antenna to communicate with a tower via radio signals.
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Satellite Modem
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A device that communicates with a satellite dish to provide high-speed Internet connections via satellite.
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Access provider
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A business that provides individuals and companies access to the internet free or for a fee.
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ISP (Internet Service Provider)
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A regional or national access provider.
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Regional ISP
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Provides Internet Access to a specific geographic area.
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Internet Traffic
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The communications activity on the Internet.
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World Wide Web Consortium
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Oversees research and sets standards and guildines for many areas of the Internet.
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DSL (digital subscriber line)
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Technology that provides high speed Internet connections using regular copper telephone lines
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Online service provider
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A company that provides online Internet access.
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Point of presence
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A telephone number that you dial to that connects you to an access point on the Internet.
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Wireless Internet service provider
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It company that provides wireless Internet access to computers with wireless modems or access devices or two Internet enabled mobile devices were computers in
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Internet backbone
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The major carriers of network traffic.
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IP address, Internet protocol address
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A number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet
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Domain name
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The text version of an IP address
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Domain name system
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The method that the Internet uses to store domain names and their corresponding IP addresses
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Domain name system server
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Translates the domain name and its associated IP address so data can be routed to the correct computer
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World Wide Web
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Consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents.
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Web page
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Each electronic document on the Web
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Web site
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A collection of related web pages and associated items, such as documents and pictures, stored on a web server
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Web server
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A computer that delivers requested web pages to your computer
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Web browser
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Application software that allows users to access and view web pages. Example: Internet Explorer, Netscape, Mozilla, Opera, and Safari.
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Home page
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Refers to the first page to a web site displays.
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Microbrowser
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A special type of browser, which is designed for Internet enabled mobile devices and thier small screens.
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Downloading
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The process of a computer receiving information, such as a web page, from a server on the Internet.
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URL (uniform resource locator) or Web address
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A web page is unique address.
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Link or hyperlink
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It built in connection to other related web pages or as part of a web page
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Downloading
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The process of a computer receiving information, such as a web page, from a server on the Internet.
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Portal
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Of portal is a web site that offers a variety of Internet services from his single, convenient location
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Web community
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A web site that joins a specific group of people with similar interests or relationships
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Wireless portal
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The portal design for Internet enabled mobile devices
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news web site
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Contains newsworthy materials including stories and articles relating to current events, life, money, and sports
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Informational web site
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A web site that contains factual information
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Business/marketing web site
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A web site the promotes or sells products and services
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Educational
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A web site that offers exciting, challenging avenues for formal and informal teaching and learning
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Blog
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An informal web site consisting of time stamped articles oppose in the dire journal formats, usually listed in reverse chronological order
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wiki
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A collaborative web site that you allows users to add to, modify, or delete the web site content via their web browser
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Content aggregator
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A business that gathers and organizes Web content, and then distributes, or feeds, the content to subscribers for free or for a fee.
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Guidelines for evaluating the value of a web site
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Affiliation, audience, authority, content, currency, design, and objectivity of a website
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Multimedia
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Any application that combines text with graphics, animation, audio, video, and or virtual reality
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JPEG
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A format that compresses graphics to reduce their file size
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Graphic
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It is a representation of nontext information such as a drawing, chart, or photograph
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Thumbnail
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A small version of the larger graphic
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Animation
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The appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence on the web site
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Audio
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A web site that allows you to listen to music speech or any of us out
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MP3
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An audio file format that reduces the audio files to about 1/10 of its original size, while preserving much of the original quality of the sound
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Streaming
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The process of transferring data in a continuous and even flow
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Internet video
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Consists of full-motion images that a playback at various speeds. Most are accompanied by all of
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Virtual reality
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The use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three dimensional space
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Plug in
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A program that extends the capability of a browser
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Web publishing
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The development and maintenance of web pages
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E-commerce
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A business transaction that occurs over the an electronic networks such as the Internet
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Business to consumer e-commerce
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Consists of the sale of products and services to the general public by business.
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Electronic storefront
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A web page that contains product descriptions, graphics, and a shopping cart, used in e-commerce.\
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Consumer to consumer e-commerce
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Commerce that occurs when one consumer cells directly to another
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E-mail
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The transmission of messages and files via a computer network
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E-mail program
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A program allows a user to create, send, receive, Fort, store, print, and delete e-mail messages
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E-mail address
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The combination of a username and domain name that identifies a user so he or she can receive Internet e-mail
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Username
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A unique combination of characters, such as letters of the alphabet, and/or numbers, that identifies a specific user
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Address book
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An electronic list containing names and e-mail addresses
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FTP (file transfer protocol)
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On Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading with other computers on the Internet
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Uploading
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The process of transferring documents, graphics, and other objects from your computer to a server on the internet
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Newsgroup
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An online area in which users have written discussions about a particular subject
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Username
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A unique combination of characters, such as letters of the alphabet, and/or numbers, that identifies a specific user
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Mailing list
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A group of e-mail names and addresses given a single name. When a message is sent to mailing lists, every person on the list receives a copy of the message
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Chat
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Real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer
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Chat room
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A location on an Internet server that permits users to chat with each other
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Instant messaging
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A real-time Internet can indication services that notifies you were in one or more people are online and then allows you to exchange messages or files or join a private chat room with them
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Internet telephony
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Enables users to speak to others over the Internet using their desktop computer, mobile computer, or mobile device
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Netiquette
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The code of acceptable behaviors, users should follow while on the Internet.
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Database
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A collection of data organized in a matter that allows access, retrieval, and use of the data
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Data
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Texts, numbers, images, audio, and video
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Information
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Processed data that is organized, meaningful, and useful
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Database software or database management system
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DBMS users create a computerized database; add, change, and delete data in the database; sort and retrieve data from the database; and create forms and reports from the data in the database
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Data integrity
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The concept that identifies the quality of data
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Characters
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A single byte, that represents a number, letter, punctuation mark, or other simple.
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Field
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A combination of one or more to related characters or bites and is the smallest unit of data a user accesses
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Field name
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The unique name that identifies each field
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Field size
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The maximum number of characters that the field can contain
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Datatype
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Specifies a kind of data at field can contain and how the field is used. (Text, numeric, currency, date, etc.)
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Record
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A group of related fields
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Key field or primary key
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It feel that uniquely identifies each record and a file
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Data file
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A collection of related records stored on a storage medium such as a hard disk, CD, or DVD
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File maintenance
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The procedures that keep data current. Example adding records, changing records, or deleting records
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Reasons to change a record
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Reason one: to correct inaccurate data. Reason to: to update old data with new data.
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Validation
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The process of comparing data with a set of rules or values to find out if the data is correct
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Alphabetic/numeric check
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Alphabetic check insures that users enter only alphabetic data into a field
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Range check
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A validity check that determines whether a number is within a specified range.
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Consistency check
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A validity check the test the data in two or more associated feels to ensure that the relationship is logical
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Completeness check
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The validity check that verifies that required field contains data
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Check digit
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A validity check that checks the number of or character that is appended to or inserted in a primary key value
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File processing system
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A system in which each organization or area within an organization has its own set of files
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Data redundancy
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Each department or area, the company has his own files thus some same fields are stored in multiple places
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Database approach
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Many programs and users share the data in the database
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Front end
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A program that generally has a more user-friendly interface than the DBMS
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Data dictionary
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Contains data about each file in the database and each field in those files
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Query
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A request for specific data for the database
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Query language
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A language that consists of simple, English like statements that allow users to specify the data to display, print, or store in a query
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Query by example (QBE)
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A feature that has a graphical user interface to assist users with the retrieving data through a query
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Form, data entry form
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A window on the screen that provides areas for entry or changing data in the database
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Report generator, report writer
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A function of a database allows users to design a report on the screen, retrieve data into the report design, and the display or print of the report
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Access privileges
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Establishing who can enter new data, change existing data, delete unwanted data, and view data
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A DBMS log
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A listing of activities that change the contents of the database used to re-create the past events of a database
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Recovery utility
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A program that uses the logs and/or backups to restore a database when it becomes damaged or destroyed
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Data model
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A model that consists of rules and standards that define how the database organizes data
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Relational database
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A database that stores data in tables that consists of rows and columns. Each row has a primary key and each column has a unique name
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A relationship
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A connection with in the data
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Structured query language
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A query language that allows users to manage, update, and retrieve data
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Object oriented database
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A database that stores data in objects.
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An object (database)
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An item that contains data, as well as the actions that read or process the data
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multimedia databases
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a dmbs that stores images, audio, and/or video clips.
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Groupware database
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The data is that stores document such as schedules, calendars, manuals, memos, and reports
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Computer aided design database
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A database that stores data about engineering, architectural, and scientific designs
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Hypertext database
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A database that contains text links to other types of documents
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Web database
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A database that links to an E. form on a web page
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Multidimensional database
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A database that stores data in dimensions. Where is the relational database is a two-dimensional table, a multidimensional database can store more than two dimensions of data
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Data warehouse
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A huge database of stores that manages the data required to analyze historical and current transactions
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Data mining
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A process that is used to find patterns and relationships among data
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Database server
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A computer that stores and provides access to the database
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Database analyst
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A person that focuses on the meaning and usage of date. Less technical.
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Database administrator
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A person that requires more technical inside view of the data. The database administrator at creates and maintains a data dictionary, maintain security of the database, monitors the performance of the database, and checks backup and recovery procedures.
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Computer security risk
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Any event or action that could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability.
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Computer crime
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Any illegal act involving a computer generally is referred to as a:
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Hacker
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Refers to someone who acts as is a computer or network illegally
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Cracker
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Someone who accesses a computer or network illegally but has the intent of destroying data, stealing information, or other malicious actions
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Script kiddie
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Has the same intent is a cracker, but does not have the technical skills and knowledge
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Cyberextortionist
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Someone who uses e-mail as a vehicle for extortion
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Cyber terrorist
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Someone who uses the Internet or network to destroy or damage computers for political reasons
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Virus
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A potentially damaging computer program that affects or infects the computer negatively by altering the way the computer works without the user's knowledge or permission
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Worm
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A program that copies itself repeatedly, for example in memory or on a network, using of resources and possibly shutting down the computer or network
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Trojan horse
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A program that hides within or looks like a legitimate program
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Payload
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The destructive event or crank the program is intended to deliver.
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Trusted source
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A company or person you believe will not send a virus infected file knowingly
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Macro
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Instruction saved in an application such as a word processing or spreadsheet for
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Antivirus program
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A program that protects a computer against viruses of identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory, on storage media, or on incoming files.
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Virus signature
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In on specific pattern of virus code
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To inoculated against a virus
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The antivirus program records information such as the file size and five creation date in a separate inoculation file antivirus program that uses them permission to Detective a virus tempers with the data described in the inoculated program file
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Quarantine
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A separate area of a hard disk that holds the infected file until the infection can be removed
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Virus hoax
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An e-mail message that warns users of a nonexistent virus, worm, or Trojan horse. Often these viruses are in a form of a trend letter that request a user to send a copy of the e-mail to as many people as possible.
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Denial of service attack
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An assault that's purpose is to obstruct computer access to an Internet service such as the Web or e-mail
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Zombie
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A computer that is completely unaware it is being used as part of a network that attakcs other systems
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Back door
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A program or set of instructions in a program that allows users to bypass security controls when accessing a program, computer or network
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Spoofing
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Technique intruders used to make their in network or Internet transmission appear legitimate to a victim computer or network
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Firewall
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Hardware and/or software that protects a networked resources from intrusion by users on another network such as the Internet
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Proxy server
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A server outside the company's network that controls, which communications pass into the company's network
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Personal firewall
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A utility that detects and protects a personal computer and its data from unauthorized intrusions
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Honeypots
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A vulnerable computer that is set up to entice an intruder to break into it.
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Unauthorized access
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The use of the computer and network without permission
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Unauthorized use
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The use of a computer or its data for unapproved or possibly illegal activities
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Audit trail
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Records that file, both successful and on accessible attempts to access a computer network
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Possessed object
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Any item that you must carry to gain access to a computer or computer facility
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Personal identification number or PIN
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In numeric password, either assigned by company or selected by user
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Biometric device
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A device that authenticate the person's identity by translating a personal characteristic, such as a fingerprint, into a digital code that is then compared with the code stored in the computer verifying a physical or behavioral characteristic.
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Hardware theft
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The act of stealing computer equipment
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Hardware vandalism
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The act of defacing or destroying computer equipment
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Software theft
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A theft that occurs when someone steal softerware, intentionally erases programs, or illegally copies a program
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License agreement
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The right to use the software
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Product activation
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Users revive a product certified character identification number to receive an installation identification number unique to the computer on which the software is installed
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Information theft
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Occurs when someone steals personal or confidential information
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Encryption
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A process of converting readable data into unreadable characters to prevent unauthorized access
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Plaintext
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Unencrypted readable data
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Digital signature
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Unencrypted code that a person, web site come or company attaches to an electronic message to verify the identity of the message sender
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Digital certificate
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A notice that guarantees a user or web site is legitimate
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Secure site
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A web site that uses encryption techniques to secure its data.
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Secure sockets layer
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A buffer that provides encryption of all data that passes attorney-client and an Internet server.
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Virtual private network
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(VPN) a standard Internet connection provided to mobile users.
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System failure
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The prolonged malfunction of a computer. System failure can also cause of loss of hardware, software, data, or information
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Noise
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Any unwanted signal, usually very quickly, that is mixed with the normal voltage entering the computer
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Undervoltage
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A phenomenon that occurs when the electrical supply a drops
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Overvoltage
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A phenomenon that occurs when the incoming or power increases significantly above the normal hundred and 20 V
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Surge protector
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A device that uses special electrical components to smooth out minor noise, provide a stable current for, and keep in overvoltage from reaching the computer and electronic equipment
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Uninterrupted power supply
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A device that contain surge protection circuits and one or more batteries that can provide power during a temporary or permanent loss of power
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A fault tolerant computer
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A computer that has duplicate components, so it can continue to operate when one of its main components fail
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Backup
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It duplicates other file, program, or dusk that can be used as the original is lost, damaged, or destroyed
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Three generation backup policy
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A policy that preserves three copies of important files
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War driving
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Individuals attempt to detect wireless networks veer their notebook computer while driving a vehicle through an area they suspect has a wireless network.
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Computer ethics
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The moral guidelines are governed the use of computers and information systems
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Intellectual property rights
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The rights to which creators are entitled for their work
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Copyright
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A guarantee that gives authors and artists exclusive rights to duplicate, publish, and so the materials.
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Code of conduct
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A written guideline that helps determine whether a specific computer action is apical or unethical
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Information privacy
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Refers to the right of individuals and companies to deny or restrict the collection and use of information about them
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Cookie
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A small text file that a web server stores under computer, which usually has information about you and your viewing preferences.
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Spyware
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A program placed on a computer without the user's knowledge that secretly collects information about the user
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Adware
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A program that displays an online advertisement in a batter or pop-up window
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Spam
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An unsolicited e-mail message or newsgroup postings and too many recipients or newsgroups at once
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E-mail filtering
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A service that blocks e-mail messages from designated sources
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Anti-spam program
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A program that attempt to remove spam before reaches your inbox
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Pfishing
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A scam in which of arbitrators scented official looking e-mail message that attempts to obtain your personal and financial information
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pfarming
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A scam, similar to fishing, where perpetrator attempt to obtain your personal and financial information except they do so via spoofing
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Social engineering
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Defined as gaining off unauthorized access or obtaining confidential information by taking advantage of the trusting human nature of some victims and the naïveté of others
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Employee monitoring
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Monitoring that involves the use of computers to observe, record, and review and employees use of computer, including three occasions such as e-mail messages keyboard activity and web sites visited.
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Content filtering
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The process of restricting access to certain material on the Web.
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Computer forensics
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The discovery, collection, an analysis of evidence found in computers and networks
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Web filtering software
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A program that restricts access to specific web sites
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Repetitive strain injury
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And injury or disorder of the muscles, tendons, nerves, commitments, and joints caused by repetitive strain
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Ergonomics
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And applied science devoted to incorporating comfort come efficiency, and safety into the design of items in the workplace
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Computer addiction
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An addiction occurs when the computer consumes someone's entire social life
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Green computing
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Computer use of them balls reducing electricity and environmental waste while using a computer.
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IT department
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Information technology department. Responsible for meeting the information requirements of their organization at a responsible for keeping all the computer operations at networks running smoothly
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Computer equipment field
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Field that consists of manufacturers and distributors of computers and computer related hardware such as disk and tape drives, monitors, printers, and communcations and networking devices
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Computer software field
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They feel that consists of companies that develop, manufacture, and supporter wide range of software
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Computer service and repair field
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A field that provides preventative maintenance, component installation, and repair services to customers
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Computer salespeople
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Salesman who must possess a general understanding of computers and a specific knowledge of the products they are selling
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IT consultant
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A person typically hired based a computer expertise, who provides computer services to his or her clients
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Trade school
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A technical or vocational school, which offers programs primarily of areas of programming, web design and development, graphics design, fiber maintenance, networking, personal computers work, and security.
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Computer information systems degree
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Curriculum teaches students. Technical knowledge and skills and focuses on how to apply these skills in the workplace
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Computer science or software engineering
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The degree on the theory of programming and operating systems
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Computer engineering
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A degree that teaches students such designed to devote the electronic components onto computers and peripheral devices
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Association for computing machinery
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A scientific and educational organization dedicated to advancing knowledge and proficiency of information technology
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Association of information technology professionals
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A professional organization, with nearly 9000 members consisting of programmers, system analysts, and information processing managers
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User group
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A collection of people with common computer equipment or software interest that meet regularly to share information
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Certification
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A program that verifies the technical knowledge of the individual who has demonstrated competence in a particular area.
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sponsoring organization
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A software vendor that develops and administers the examinations to determine whether a person is qualified for certification.
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Benefits of certification
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Customers gain confidence in a company if IT people are certified. Businesses gain more productive workers. Industry gains a sort of self-regulation.
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Types of Certification classes
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Self-study, Online training classes, Instructer-led training, web resources, used for pertification prep.
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Self-study certification class
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Flexible programs that help professionals prepare for certification on thier own time.
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Online Training certification classes
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Allows self-study prep for certification online.
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Instructor-led training certifcation classes
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A class or seminar, boot camp, or academic style classes that prepare for certification tests using an instructor
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Hardware certification
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Wide to narrow scope of knowledge needed for this certification. Can be from repairing a certain type of hardware, to an integrated hardware solution.
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