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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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major language development in preschool
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Decontextualized language
Emergent Literacy |
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Contextualized language
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relies on background knowledge, gestures, innotation and immediately present situational cues
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Decontextualized language
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relies on language and the construction of meaning
may not contain context cues and does not assume that a speaker and a listener share background knowledge Can not rely on the immediate physical context to help him communicate to the listener |
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What does a child need to use decontextualized language
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Highly precise syntax and vocabulary to represent events beyond the here and now
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Emergent literacy
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Earliest period of learnig about reading and writing. How print works, play with sound units, develop interest in reading and writing
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Childrens literacy skills depend heavily on the ___ they acquire in infancy and toddlerhood.
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oral language skills
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grapheme to phoneme
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letter to sound
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Children need well developed vocabularies to derive
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meaning from text
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preschoolers build literacy on
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language
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Metalinguistic ability
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Ability to view language as an object of attention
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Three important achievemets in emergent literacy
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Alphabet knowledge
Print awareness Phonological awareness |
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Alphabet awareness
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Higer in children who live in homes with book reading.
Own name advantage Letter name pronunciation effect Letter-order hypothesis Consonant-order hypothesis |
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Print awareness is composed of
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print interest
print functions print conventions print forms print part to whole relationships |
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appreciation for print
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print exists in the environment and in books. 1st
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Print conventions
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Read from left to right and top to bottom
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Phonological awareness
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sound structure of words
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shallow level of phonological awareness
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segment sentences into words, rhyme, combine syllables. Begins from 3-5 years of age.
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Deep level of phonological awareness
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Knowledge of phonemes
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What are the major achievements in content in a preschoolers life
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Fast mapping
Knowledge of semantics and syntax shared storybook reading Dietic terms Relational Terms |
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Slow mapping
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gradual refined representations with time and multiple exposure to the word in different context. After fast mapping.
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Extended mapping
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Full understanding of a word
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Preschoolers use N3C to
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select nameless objects as the recipients of novel labels and can then fastmap novel words through this process
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How do children infer meaning of new words
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Using semantics and syntax
Animacy vs inanimacy Recruiting syntactic cues tat signal the form class |
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Children weigh function more heavenly than
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perceptual appearance
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Children use animate objects as
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referents for novel proper names
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Children use inanimate objects as
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referents for common nouns
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Deictic terms
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Form of content
words whose interpretation depend on the location of a speaker and listener within a particular setting. Examples include here and this, there and that |
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To use deictic terms properly, children must be able to
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adopt their conversational partners perspective
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Which dietic terms are easier to master?
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this and here are easier than that and there. Children master these terms by the time they are in school
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Relational terms
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Content
include interrogatives, temporal terms, opposites, locational prepositions, kinship terms |
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Interrogatives
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Content and a relational term
Wh questions |
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Temporal Terms
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Order, duration and concurrence of events.
Understand order before concurrence. Interpret temporal terms according to their experience |
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Opposites
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perceive physically before abstract
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Kinship terms
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mother, father, brother, sister
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Preschoolers use semantics to
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infer the meaning and incorporate the new words into their vocab
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Overextension
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continues in preschool
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Preschooler weigh the function of an object
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more heavily than its perceptual appearance
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