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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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acute starvation
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Early stages of starvation defined as the first five days of fasting or minimal food intake, beginning 24 hours after the last meal.
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prolonged starvation
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Food deprivation lasting longer than one week.
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metabolism
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Chemical reactions that take place in the body.
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energy metabolism
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Chemical reactions that enable cells to store and use energy from nutrients.
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metabolic pathway
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A series of interrelated, enzyme-catalyzed chemical reactions that take place in cells.
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substrate
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A molecule that enters a chemical reaction.
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product
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A molecule produced in a chemical reaction.
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intermediate product
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A product formed before a metabolic pathway reaches completion, often serving as a substrate in the next chemical reaction.
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end product
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The final product in a metabolic pathway.
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catabolic pathway
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A series of metabolic reactions that break down complex molecules into simpler ones, often releasing energy in the process.
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anabolic pathway
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A series of metabolic reactions that require energy to make complex molecules from simpler ones.
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active site
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An area in an enzyme that binds substrates in a chemical reaction.
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enzyme-substrate complex
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A substrate attached to an enzyme's active site.
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cofactor
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A nonrotein component of an enzyme, often a mineral, needed for its activity.
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coenzyme
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Organic molecule, often derived from vitamins, needed for enzymes to function.
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