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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Kepler's 1st law |
-planets move in elliptical orbits -the sun is located at one focus of a planets orbit |
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Kepler's 2nd law |
Planets sweep out equal areas in equal times Planets move the fastest at perihelion |
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Kepler's 3rd law |
-a planet's semi-major axis is related to its orbital period -planets with larger orbits take more time to complete one orbit |
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Will an orbiting object travel quicker if it's closer or further from the sun? |
An orbiting object will travel more quickly when it is near the sun and more slowly when it is distant from the sun. |
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What is eccentricity? |
How stretched out an ellipse is compared to a perfect circle . planets of our solar system have very small eccentricities. |
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Orbital period formula? |
Ta=(orbital radius times)^3/2 (year) |
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Order of planets? Starting from closest to sun. |
Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto |
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What are the terrestrial planets? |
Mercury, Venus, earth and Mars |
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When does the greenhouse effect happen? |
Occurs when heat is trapped by a planets atmosphere, making the planet warmer than it should be |
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How have humans added to the greenhouse effect? |
Burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, increased agricultural activities |
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Venus has a Runaway greenhouse effect but earth does not because... |
Venus has more carbon dioxide in its atmosphere |
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Differences between terrestrial and jovian planets? |
Terrestrial planets are small with high densities and rocky surfaces and are closer to the sun (inner planets). Mass Inc as further from sun. Jovian planets also have higher magnetic fields. |
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Earth compared to Venus |
Earth's atmosphere is mainly nitrogen and has a mild greenhouse effect. Meanwhile, Venuss atmosphere is mainly carbon dioxide, its temp is too high for liquid water, filled with clouds,sky is yellowish due to absorption of sunlight, and it has the highest atmospheric pressure of terrestrial planets. |
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Mars atmosphere is |
Dusty, thin, and mainly co2 |
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Venuss atmosphere is |
Very thick, opaque, contains clouds of sulfuric acid, And mainly co2 |
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What are some things earth and Mars have in common? |
Rotational period, axial tilt, and terrestrial planets |
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What does Mars have that is less than earth? |
Planetary radius, surface temp, magnetic field |
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Does Mars have seasons? |
Yes, similar to earth's due to similar axial tilt |
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Which planet has the weakest greenhouse effect? |
Mars |
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Does liquid water need high or low pressure to exist? |
High |
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What is evidence that liquid water once existed on mars? |
-Martian rocks contain jarosite minerals believed to have formed in presence of water -parallel grooves on channel floors appear to have been carved by raging waters - gully systems on Walls of impact craters were carved by melt water |
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Which rovers found evidence on mars? |
Opportunity, spirit, and curiosity |
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Does Venus have only 2 continental regions? |
Yes |
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Is Venus relatively young with few impact craters? |
Yes |
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What do images from magellan on Venus show? |
A dry desert world of Plains and volcanoes |
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Facts about Valles marineris, a canyon on mars |
-longer than distance betw. L.a. and San Francisco -widest point is wider than grand canyons - a rift Valley |
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Why is mars red? |
Plentiful dust rich in iron |
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Forms of water present on mars today |
-frozen polar ice caps -layer of subsurface ice below |
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Plate tectonics.. |
Continental drift on earth caused by circulating convention currents in the deep interior |
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Earth's layers from interior to surface |
Core, mantle, crust |
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Gases from highest to low concentration in dry air at sea level |
Nitrogen Oxygen Argon Carbon dioxide Methane |
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The milankovitch cycles have an effect on.. |
The occurrence of ice ages |
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What effect would an Inc in eccentricity have on earth? |
There would be more variability in the amount of solar irradiation at different points in the earth's orbit |
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T or F: ozone helps absorb harmful uv radiation before it reaches earth, so not harmful to earth |
False |
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When a net force acts on an object the acceleration is.. |
Inversely proportional to the objects mass |
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When a net force is acting on an object, the object is.. |
Accelerating |
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According to newton's third law. The reaction force to the earth's pull on the moon is... |
The moons pull on the earth |
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Which has more monetary value, a Newton of gold on earth or moon? |
On moon |
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If the mass of the earth somehow Dec with no change in radius, your weight would... |
Decrease also |
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Planets ranked from thickest atmosphere to thinest |
Uranus Venus Earth Mars Mercury |
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Part of definition of planet: |
-must be in orbit around sun -has enough mass to assume round shape -has cleared the Neighbourhood around its orbit |
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What is not found in our solar system? |
Supernova and galaxy |
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What has little to no role in permitting complex life to flourish on earth? |
The moon protects earth from most cosmic rays |
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Jj |
U |
