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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Major Contributions of Nocolaus Copernicus |
-Revived the heliocentric universe in "On the Revolutions of the Celestial Orb" |
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How was the universe modeled according to Copernicus? |
-The celestial sphere containing the fixed stars is stationary and a very great distance from Earth. -The earth rotates on its axis -The earth revolves around the Sun |
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Major Contributions of Tycho Brahe |
-Was the first to provide a systematic discretion of a nova, indicating that the heavens were not unchanging. -Compiled 35 years worth of data measuring the positions of the fixed stars and the orbits of the planets. |
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Major Contributions of Johannes Kepler |
-Studied Tycho Brahe's data attempting find a theory of planetary motion. -Presented Laws of Planetary Motion |
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Why were Kepler's laws significant in the history of science? |
-These were the first modern scientific laws to be stated -First Law: No perfect circular motion of heavenly bodies. -Second Law reinforced the imperfection. Inconsistent velocities. |
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Major contributions of Galileo Galilei? |
Was the first to observe the heavens with a telescope. |
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What observations did Galileo see? |
-The moon is littered with mountains, valleys, etc. -Sunspots = imperfection like earth -Stars that can't be seen by naked eye. -Jupiter has satellites. -Venus shows phases like the Moon = Venus orbits the Sun |
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Major Contributions of Francis Bacon |
-Scientific Method -Made the distinction between the sciences proper and the arts and humanities. |
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What was Francis Bacon's main premise? |
Human's knowledge of nature is derived by induction and observation , not from abstract reasoning alone. |
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What assumption were fundamental to the scientific method? |
- There is an explicit distinction between the natural and the supernatural, or the secular or sacred. -The ultimate source of secular truth is experience which was subject to objective testing unlike divine truth. |
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Major Contributions of John Locke |
-Heavily influenced from prevailing scientific thought and principles and turn them to the study of human characteristics and constructs -Believed that the mind at birth was a blank tablet which gains knowledge empirically. |
