Exam 2

Front 1

Cholangiectasis

Back 1

Abnormal widening or dilation of a bile vessel (bile duct).

Front 2

Uvula

Back 2

Small, fleshy mass hanging from the soft palate at the back of the mouth.

Front 3

Hemorrhage

Back 3

Severe bleeding.

Front 4

Gallbladder

Back 4

Small sac lying below the liver, in which bile is stored.

Front 5

Defecation

Back 5

Eliminating of wastes and undigested foods through the rectum; elimination.

Front 6

Cecal

Back 6

Pertaining to the first part of the large intestine located below where the small intestine connects.

Front 7

Hematemesis

Back 7

Vomiting blood.

Front 8

Pancreatic

Back 8

Pertaining to the pancreas.

Front 9

Periodontist

Back 9

Dentist specializing in treating the gums.

Front 10

Atresia

Back 10

Absence of a normal opening. Esophageal ________ is the congenital absence of the normal opening from the esophagus to the stomach.

Front 11

Parotid

Back 11

The salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior to the ear, is called the ______________ gland.

Front 12

Hyperbilirubinemia

Back 12

High levels of bilirubin (yellow/orange pigment) in the bloodstream. When severe, it leads to an accumlation of bilirubin in the skin giving it a yellowish color, which is then called jaundice or icterus.

Front 13

Sigmoid

Back 13

The lower s-shaped portion of the colon, located between the descending colon and the rectum, is called the __________ colon.

Front 14

Sigmoidoscopy

Back 14

Visual endoscopic examination of the sigmoid colon.

Front 15

Dentalgia

Back 15

Pain in a tooth.

Front 16

Anorexia

Back 16

Lack of appetite.

Front 17

Amylase

Back 17

An enzyme that digests (breaks down) starches into simpler substances (such as sugars).

Front 18

Leukoplakia

Back 18

White plaques or patches on the mucous membranes of the mouth is called oral ________________.

Front 19

Colitis

Back 19

Ulcerative ___________ is an inflammatory disease of the colon with the presence of ulcers.

Front 20

Choledochal

Back 20

Pertaining to the common bile duct.

Front 21

Stomatitis

Back 21

Inflammation of the mouth.

Front 22

Sialadenitis

Back 22

Inflammation of a salivary gland.

Front 23

Deglutition

Back 23

Swallowing.

Front 24

Jaundice

Back 24

A sign of illness marked by yellow-orange discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes due to hyperbilirubinemia; also called icterus.

Front 25

Constipation

Back 25

Difficulty in passing (eliminating) feces (stool).

Front 26

Ileum

Back 26

The third portion of the small intestine.

Front 27

Periodontal

Back 27

The membrane that surrounds the tooth in the tooth socket is called the _______________ membrane.

Front 28

Achlorhydria

Back 28

Absence of hydrochloric acid from the gastric juice.

Front 29

Anus

Back 29

The opening of the rectum to the outside of the body.

Front 30

periodontal

Back 30

Inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone is called ____________ disease.

Front 31

Esophagus

Back 31

Tube that carries food from the pharynx (throat) to the stomach.

Front 32

Ileostomy

Back 32

Surgical formation of an artificial opening from the third part of the small intestine to the outside of the body through the abdominal wall.

Front 33

Cholangiography

Back 33

X-ray recording of bile vessels (ducts) using radiopaque contrast medium.

Front 34

Choledochotomy

Back 34

Incision of the common bile duct.

Front 35

Peristalsis

Back 35

Rhythm-like contractions of the tubes of the gastrointestinal tract and other tubular structures.

Front 36

Cholecystectomy

Back 36

Removal (excision, resection) of the gallbladder.

Front 37

Submandibular

Back 37

Pertaining to under the lower jaw.

Front 38

Dysphagia

Back 38

Painful swallowing.

Front 39

Cholecystolithiasis

Back 39

Abnormal condition of stones in the gallbladder. Do not give the more general term for gallstones in the gallbladder or the bile duct.

Front 40

Jejunum

Back 40

The second part of the small intestine.

Front 41

Oropharynx

Back 41

Central portion of the throat, just beyond the mouth.

Front 42

Pancreatitis

Back 42

Inflammation of the pancreas.

Front 43

Endodontist

Back 43

A dentist specializing in the inner parts of the tooth.

Front 44

Hemoptysis

Back 44

Spitting or coughing up blood as result of bleeding from any part of the respiratory tract.

Front 45

Sialadenectomy

Back 45

Removal (excision) of a salivary gland.

Front 46

Sublingual

Back 46

Pertaining to under the tongue. Give either of the two words that were covered

Front 47

Stenosis

Back 47

Abnormal narrowing, often due to scarring. Abnormal narrowing of the pyloric sphincter is called pyloric ______________.

Front 48

Sialolith

Back 48

Salivary gland stone; lodged in a salivary gland or duct.

Front 49

Glossectomy

Back 49

Removal of the tongue.

Front 50

Oral

Back 50

Pertaining to the mouth.

Front 51

Lactation

Back 51

Production of milk.

Front 52

Fibroids

Back 52

Benign tumor of fibrous and muscular tissue in the uterus.

Front 53

Fetus

Back 53

Stage in prenatal development from 6 to 39 or 40 weeks.

Front 54

Primiparous

Back 54

An adjective pertaining to a woman who has given birth to her first child.

Front 55

Multigravida

Back 55

A woman who has been pregnant more than once.

Front 56

Ovum

Back 56

An individual egg cell. Give the singular form.

Front 57

Hysterectomy

Back 57

Removal of the uterus.

Front 58

Previa

Back 58

Placenta ___________ is the implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterine wall.

Front 59

Pelvimetry

Back 59

Measurement of the dimensions of the female pelvis.

Front 60

Zygote

Back 60

Stage in prenatal development from fertilization and implantation to two weeks.

Front 61

Mammary

Back 61

Pertaining to the breast

Front 62

Hydrocephalus

Back 62

Accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain; in infants, the condition causes enlargement of the head.

Front 63

Nullipara

Back 63

A woman who has never given birth to an infant.

Front 64

Pseudocyesis

Back 64

False pregnancy.

Front 65

Preeclampsia

Back 65

Abnormal condition of pregnancy marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, and edema.

Front 66

Mastectomy

Back 66

Removal (excision) of a breast.

Front 67

Oophorectomy

Back 67

Excision or removal of an ovary.

Front 68

Fallopian

Back 68

The ________ tubes are another name for the uterine tubes, the tubes through which the ovum travels to the uterus.

Front 69

Primigravida

Back 69

A woman during her first pregnancy.

Front 70

Mastitis

Back 70

Inflammation of a breast.

Front 71

Dystocia

Back 71

Difficult childbirth.

Front 72

Gamete

Back 72

A gender neutral term for a reproductive cell (ovum or sperm cell).

Front 73

Obstetrics

Back 73

Branch of medicine dealing with the care of women during pregnancy and childbirth.

Front 74

Oliguria

Back 74

Scanty urination.

Front 75

Polyuria

Back 75

Increased excretion of urine by the kidneys.

Front 76

Ureter

Back 76

Tube leading from each kidney to the urinary bladder

Front 77

Pyelogram

Back 77

X-ray record of the kidney pelvis after injection of contrast material.

Front 78

Polycystic

Back 78

________________ kidney disease is a disease here the kidneys are filled with many cysts that prevent normal kidney function.

Front 79

Lithotripsy

Back 79

Process of crushing a stone within the kidney or ureter, often performed using soundwaves.

Front 80

Nephroptosis

Back 80

Prolapse of a kidney; floating or wandering kidney.

Front 81

Vesicoureteral

Back 81

Backflow of urine from the urinary bladder to the ureters is called _____________ reflux.

Front 82

Glomerulonephritis

Back 82

Inflammation of glomeruli in the kidney.

Front 83

Pelvis

Back 83

The central collecting chamber of the kidney is called the renal _________.

Front 84

Medulla

Back 84

The noun that is used to refer to the inner region of an organ.

Front 85

Medullary

Back 85

The adjective that means pertaining to the inner region of an organ.

Front 86

Urethra

Back 86

The tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.

Front 87

Trigonitis

Back 87

Inflammation of the triangular area between the ureteral and urethral openings in the urinary bladder.

Front 88

Catheterization

Back 88

Urinary ________ is the insertion of a tube into the urinary bladder for temporary or permanent drainage of urine.

Front 89

Uremia

Back 89

Excess of nitrogenous waste products in the blood.

Front 90

Colic

Back 90

Renal __________ is the severe pain resulting from stones (calculi) in a ureter or in the kidney (renal pelvis).

Front 91

Paranephric

Back 91

Pertaining to beside or near a kidney.

Front 92

Hydronephrosis

Back 92

Abnormal condition of excess backup of fluid (urine) in the kidney.

Front 93

Albuminuria

Back 93

Protein in the urine.

Front 94

Nephron

Back 94

Functional unit of the kidney, consisting of a glomerulus, renal tubule, and collecting tubule.

Front 95

Caliceal

Back 95

Pertaining to a calyx (cup-shaped collecting chamber in the central portion of the kidney).

Front 96

Hematuria

Back 96

Blood in the urine.

Front 97

Insipidus

Back 97

Diabetes ____________ is the abnormal condition of inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the pituitary gland. Patients experience polyuria and polydipsia.

Front 98

Calyces

Back 98

The plural form used to refer to the collection of cup-shaped collecting region in the renal pelvis (central section of the kidney.) Give the plural form.

Front 99

Cystostomy

Back 99

.New opening connecting the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.

Front 100

Cortex

Back 100

Noun used for the outer region of an organ.

Front 101

Erythropoietin

Back 101

Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate red blood cell production by bone marrow. Selected Answer: Correct Erythropoietin

Front 102

Pyuria

Back 102

Pus in the urine; sign of urinary tract infection (UTI).

Front 103

Retrograde

Back 103

When an X-ray record of the kidney, ureters, and urinary bladder is obtained by injection of contrast material through a urinary catheter back into the ureters, this is called a _____________ pyelogram.

Front 104

Nephropathy

Back 104

Disease or abnormality of the kidney.

Front 105

Nephrostomy

Back 105

Opening of the kidney to the outside of the body.

Front 106

Anuria

Back 106

Lack of urine production.

Front 107

Incontinence

Back 107

Involuntary passage of urine.

Front 108

Hematuria

Back 108

Blood in the urine.

Front 109

Nephrolithotomy

Back 109

Incision of the kidney to remove a stone.

Front 110

Nephrolithiasis

Back 110

Abnormal condition of kidney stones

Front 111

Trigonitis

Back 111

Inflammation of the triangular area between the ureteral and urethral openings in the urinary bladder

Front 112

Gastrostomy

Back 112

choledochotomy . Question 30 .0 out of 2 points

Front 113

Ascites

Back 113

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen.

Front 114

Lipase

Back 114

Enzyme that digests fats; produced by cells in the pancreas and secreted into the duodenum.

Front 115

Intussusception

Back 115

One portion of the intestine slips into an adjoining part; telescoping of the intestines.

Front 116

Hematochezia

Back 116

Feces with red (undigested) blood.

Front 117

Hepatitis

Back 117

Viral ______________ is inflammation of the liver caused by a virus.

Front 118

Biliary

Back 118

The adjective form of bile.

Front 119

Ileus

Back 119

Failure of peristalsis in the intestines.

Front 120

Stomatitis

Back 120

Inflammation of the mouth.

Front 121

Mastication

Back 121

Process of chewing.

Front 122

Duodenal

Back 122

Pertaining to the first part of the small intestine.

Front 123

Choledochojejunostomy

Back 123

Surgical anastomosis (create a new opening) between the common bile duct and the second portion of the small intestine.

Front 124

Pharyngeal

Back 124

Pertaining to the throat.

Front 125

Sialadenectomy

Back 125

Removal (excision) of a salivary gland.

Front 126

Hemoptysis

Back 126

Spitting or coughing up blood as result of bleeding from any part of the respiratory tract.

Front 127

Dysmenorrhea

Back 127

Painful menstrual flow.

Front 128

Proctosigmoidoscopy

Back 128

Visual (endoscopic) examination of the anus, rectum, and sigmoid colon.

Front 129

Anastomosis

Back 129

The general term for a surgical procedure that creates a new opening between two previously unconnected tubular organs or parts of the same organ.

Front 130

Jejunum

Back 130

The second part of the small intestine.

Front 131

Hemostasis

Back 131

Stopping or controlling bleeding.

Front 132

Labial

Back 132

Pertaining to the lip.

Front 133

Perianal

Back 133

Pertaining to surrounding the anus

Front 134

Periodontist

Back 134

Dentist specializing in treating the gums.

Front 135

Progesterone

Back 135

Hormone secreted by the ovary that maintains the lining of the uterus during pregnancy.

Front 136

Choriocarcinoma

Back 136

Malignant tumor of the placenta.

Front 137

Endocervicitis

Back 137

Inflammation of the inner lining of the cervix (lower, necklike portion of the uterus).

Front 138

Hysteroscopy

Back 138

Visual examination (endoscopic) of the uterus.

Front 139

Endometriosis

Back 139

The condition in which endometrial tissue located outside of the uterus, often characterized by the symptom of dysmenorrhea.

Front 140

Leukorrhea

Back 140

White to yellow discharge from the vagina.

Front 141

Amenorrhea

Back 141

Lack of menses. Although typical of menopause, it may occur in non-menopausal woman.

Front 142

Vulva

Back 142

External female genitalia; labia, clitoris, and vaginal orifice.

Front 143

Cervicitis

Back 143

Inflammation of the cervix

Front 144

Galactorrhea

Back 144

Excessive or abnormal secretion of milk after breast-feeding has ended.

Front 145

Dystocia

Back 145

Difficult childbirth.

Front 146

Salpingectomy

Back 146

Removal of a fallopian tube.

Front 147

Cervix

Back 147

Necklike, lower portion of the uterus. Selected Answer: Correct cervix

Front 148

Estrogen

Back 148

Ovarian hormone that promotes female secondary sex characteristics and sexual development.

Front 149

Dyspareunia

Back 149

Painful sexual intercourse

Front 150

Metrorrhagia

Back 150

Bleeding between menstruations.

Front 151

Neonatal

Back 151

Newborn.

Front 152

Neonatology

Back 152

Study of newborns

Front 153

Oligomenorrhea

Back 153

Scanty menstrual flow. (Seen during early menopause as well as under other conditions.)

Front 154

Fibrocystic

Back 154

_____________ disease is a benign disease characterized by the presence of small sacs of fibrous connective tissue and fluid in the breast.

Front 155

Gonad

Back 155

A gender-neutral term for the female or male reproductive organ (ovary or testis) that produces sex cells and hormones.

Front 156

FSH

Back 156

The abbreviation for the hormone secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of the egg cell (ovum).

Front 157

Cryocauterization

Back 157

Use of freezing cold temperature to burn and destroy tissue.

Front 158

Puberty

Back 158

Period during which secondary sex characteristics begin to develop and the ability to reproduce begins.

Front 159

Endometrium

Back 159

Inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus.

Front 160

Myometrium

Back 160

Muscle layer of the uterus.

Front 161

Endometritis

Back 161

Inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus (upper portion).

Front 162

Pyosalpinx

Back 162

Pus in a fallopian tube.

Front 163

Placenta

Back 163

Vascular organ that develops in the uterine wall during pregnancy.

Front 164

Retention

Back 164

Urinary _____________ is the condition where patients are unable to pass urine, which is held back in the urinary bladder.

Front 165

Pyelonephritis

Back 165

Inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney; caused by bacterial infection.

Front 166

Glycosuria

Back 166

Sugar in the urine.

Front 167

Angiogram

Back 167

Renal ______________ is the X-ray record of blood vessels of the kidney after injecting contrast material.

Front 168

Angioplasty

Back 168

Renal ______________ is the surgical repair of blood vessels in the kidney. Narrowed areas of renal arteries are dilated using an inflatable balloon attached to a catheter.

Front 169

Antidiuretic

Back 169

The piituitary gland hormone that normally stimulates the kidney to decrease production of urine, preventing excess loss of water is called _________ hormone.

Front 170

Nitrogenous

Back 170

______________ waste is the general term used to refer to the waste substances containing nitrogen and excreted in urine; specific examples are urea, creatinine, and uric acid.

Front 171

Volvulus

Back 171

Cecal ________ is the abnormal twisting of the cecum (first part of the colon).

Front 172

Pancreatitis

Back 172

Inflammation of the pancreas.

Front 173

Postprandial

Back 173

An adjective meaning after meals. A two-hour __________ blood sugar is colleted two hours after the patient eats a meal.

Front 174

Achalasia

Back 174

Failure of the lower esophageal sphincter muscle (LES) to relax.

Front 175

Cholestasis

Back 175

Stoppage of bile flow.

Front 176

Hiatal

Back 176

A protrusion of the upper portion of the stomach upward through the diaphragm is called a(n) __________ hernia.

Front 177

Bilirubin

Back 177

A pigment derived from the breakdown of red blood cells that is found in bile. It may be yellow, orange, or green depening on the exact chemical composition.

Front 178

Rhinoplasty

Back 178

Surgical repair of the nose.

Front 179

Peritonitis

Back 179

Infection of the abdominal cavity; inflammation of the peritoneum.

Front 180

Herniorrhaphy

Back 180

Surgical repair of a hernia.

Front 181

Gastrojejunostomy

Back 181

New surgical opening between the stomach and the second part of the small intestine. The procedure is part of a gastric bypass surgery.

Front 182

Pancreas

Back 182

Gland under and behind the stomach; produces enzymes to digest foods and the hormone insulin to transport sugar to cells.

Front 183

Gingivectomy

Back 183

Removal of gum tissue.

Front 184

Sphincter

Back 184

Circular ring of muscle that surrounds an opening or orifice.

Front 185

Appendectomy

Back 185

Removal or excision of the appendix.