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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Discuss Identify key aspects of history of sexuality.
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Around 11,000 BCE, people grew aware that men have a role in human reproduction. Christianity and Judaism frown on pre-marital sex, homosexuals and perfoms circumcisions. Greeks practiced m-m sexuality, and pedrasty. Romans and others disapproved, though some emperors practiced beastiality.
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Who was Alfred Kinsey?
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Started as a zoologist. Became interested in human sexuality and published a book on "Sexual Behavior in the Human Male" and the same for females. First person that started the in-depth research on sexuality.
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What was the sexual revolution? What are important issues/events of the sexual revolution?
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Period from mid 1960's-1970's where dramatic changes in Americans' sexual attitudes and practices. Gay activism-1969 with "the legacy of Stonewall", 1980's AIDS. Sex research-questionnaires were given and reports were written but they did not represent enough people.
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Regarding sexualtiy, what is the evolutionary perspective and what is erotic plasticity?
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Men want to "spread their seeds", women choose the best man to produce the best spawn. Erotic Plasticity-addresses the fact tha in response to various social and cultural forces, people show different elvels of sex drive & express their sexual desires in a variety of ways (women show greater plasticity than men)
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Discuss cross-culture differnces & similarities in sexuality and sexual behaviors
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Taboos-kissing, oral, historical
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Discuss/identify key issues inthe sociocultural perspective of sexualtiy. What role does gender play?
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Video fo sexuality depends on how a culture was raised. Men=strong/active/independent/logical, women=passive/emotional/dependent/nurturing
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Be able to address findings related to laws regarding sex in the U.S.
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Beastiality (horses, okay to have sex with a live fis not a dead one), oral, other ridiculous laws.
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Discuss the role of the sense in sexual arousal
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Vision, smell (lesser role), tough (greatest role), taste, hearing
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What is menstural synchrony? How does it occur?
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Whem women's cycles match up when they have been living together for awhile. It is th sweart of another woman that causes this phenomenon.
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Primary Erogenous Zones
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erogenous zones that are particulary sensitive because they are richly endowed with nerve endings
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Secondary erogenous zones
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erogenous zones that become especially sensitive through experience
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Discuss the effects of alcohol & stimulants on sexual arousal and performance
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Alcohol can lower inhibition but can damped performance along with use of other stimulants
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what is the role of the cerebral cortex & limbic system in sexual functioning?
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Direct genital stimulation trigger spinal refluxes (also thoughts) that create an erection or lubrication, anxiety can dampen sexual ability
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Discuss the effects of sex hormones on sexual behavior
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Hormone causes secondary sex characteristics. Drives sexual behavior.
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what are pheromnes?
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Chemical substances secreted externally by certain animals, which convey info to, or produce specific responses in, other members of the same species.
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Aphrodisiacs
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drugs or other agents that are sexually arousing or that increase sexual desire
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Anaphrodisiacs
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drugs or other agents whose effects are antagonistic to sexual arousal or sexual desire
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Are there different types of female orgams?
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Freud: Clitoral & vaginal orgasm
Masters & Johnson: clitoral |
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Are men and women capable of achieving multiple orgams? Why or why not?
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Women can (more likely when masturbating) but for men it is physicallly impossible for them because of their refractory period
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What is the G-Spot? Does it exist?
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A patch of tissue in the front wall of the vaginia, claimed to be erectile and highly erogenous. It is argued if it does or not but there are studies that say women have a greater ograsm when in contact with that spot.
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Why do people masturbate?
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Pleasure. relaz. relieve sexual tension, partners are unavailable/doesn't want sex, boredom, sleep, fear of STIs, or other
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Discuss historical views of masturbation
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It is a sin, dirty, "spilling of seeds," can cause tuberculosis, blindness, memory loss & epilepsy
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Discuss cultural differences in forplay & kissing
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In some countries it is taboo to kiss, perform oral, etc.
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Discuss oral genital stiumation. How common is it? What are views and myths regarding it?
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Oral stimulation of the male is fellatio (blow job, sucking, sucking off, giving head) oral stimulation of the female is cunnilingus (eating, going down). Increased dramatically, 3:4 men and 2:3 women played the active role in their lifetimes and $;% men and 3:4 women were the recipients of oral-genital sex. Prefer not to tase or swallow because they find semen to be dirty, parts themselves are dirty, swallowing semen is not harmful to the partner
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How common are sexual fantasies? What are common sexual fantasies?
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Studies have shown that 84% of women and men reported having sexual fantasies. Fantasies are about ones usual partner, someone else, deviant fantasies (ex. sadistic rape), coital fantasies
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What are typical influcences on sexual behaviors?
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Religion, parental guidance
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How can you 'optimize' chances of conception? Discuss ovulation.
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Engage in coitus within a few hours of ovulation; use of the basal body temperature chart-day after ovulation the temperature tends to rise .4-.8 degree F; analyzing urine or saliva for luteinizing hormonepreceds ovulation by about 12-24 hours; tracking vaginal mucus-changes from thick, white, and cloudy to thin, slippery and clear a few days before ovulation, then back to the opaque think mucus; male superior position allows for sperm to be depositited deeper into the vagina and minimizes leakage of sperm out of the vagina due to gravity, women lying on their backs and drawing their knees close to their breasts after ejaculation; some may profit from sex from behind since it helps from semen dripping out.
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Discuss the likelihood of fertility problems and reasons for infertility
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15% of American couples have fertility problems. The risk increases with age 35+. Males- low sperm count, irregularly shaped sperm, low sperm motility, chronic diseases such as diabetes and infectious diseases such as STIs, injury to testes, autoimmune response in which antibodies produced by man deavtivate his own sperm, pituitary imbalance and/0r thyriod disease.
Women- irregular ovulation, obstuctions or malfunctions of the reproductive tract that are often caused by infectious diseases, endometriosis, declinding hormone levels of estrogen and progesterone that occur with again and may prevent the ovum from becoming fertilized or remaining inplanted in teh uterus. |
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Can a women have sexu during pregnancy?
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Yes
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What are commond explanations for miscarriages? Issues relationg to teen pregnancy miscarriages?
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Chromosomal defects in the fetus and abnormalitites of the placenta and uterus, more commond amound oldger women. Teens not fully developed themseles, nutrients go to them first.
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Germinal stage
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conception to implantation where the zygote divides
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Embryonic stage
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Lasts until eighth week; follows two trends cephalocaudal and proximodistal and major organ systems begin to differentiate during this stage such as: nervous system, sensory organs, hair, nails, teeth and outer layer of skin begin to develop from the outer layer of cells, endoderm layer develops respiartory and digestive systems, mesoderm layer differentiates and evelops into repoduction, exretory and circulatory systems including skeleton, muscles, and inner layer of the skin. During the 3rd week head and blood vessels begin to form, 4th week a primitive heart begins to beat and pump blood.
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Fetal stage
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9th week until birth; baby responds to outside world, end of 1st trimester: major organ system,s fingers and toes, external genitals have been formed (sex of the fetus can be determined vissually), easy are clearly distinguishable, during 2nd trimester: child increases in size brain contributes to regulation of basic body functions, increased weight and length, hair growth; during 3rd trimester: organ systems enlarge and mature, movement to independent life increase.
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Amniotic sac
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The sac containing the fetus
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Placenta
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an organ connected to the fetus by the umbilical cord. The placenta serves as a relay station between morther and fetus, allowing the exchange of nutrients and wastes
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Indetify and discuss enviornmental factors that affect prenatal develpoment
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mother's diet-adequately nourished; maternal diseases and disorders-teratogens (alcohol, aspirin, Rh-positive anibodies, lead, mercury, radiation, viruses and bacteria; mother's use of drugs-some nonprescriptions drugs, illegal drug use
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what is amniocentesis?
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a procedure for drawing off and exmaning fetal cells in the amniotic fluid to determind the presence of various disorders in teh fetus
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Down Syndrome
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a chromosoal abmormality that leads to mental retardation, caused by an extra chromose on the 21st pair
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Sickle-cell anemia
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a congential form of anemia occuring mostly in blacks; characterized by abnormal blood cells having a crecent shape.
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Tay-Sachs disease
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a rae ftal hereditary disease, occuring chiefly in infants and children, especially of eastern European jewish origin, characterized by a red spot on te retina, gradual blindness and paralysis
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3 stages of childberth
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1st stage:uterine contractions efface and dilate cervix to about four inches
2nd stage: movement of the baby into the birth canal and ends with the birth of the baby. 3rd stage: placenta separates from the uterine wall and is expelled through the birth canal |
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What is a cesarean section and when is it typically done?
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A method of childbirth in which the fetus is delivered through a surgical incision in the abdomen and it is done when there is a complication with the baby, early delivery, or to avoid giving the mother's STI to the child
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what is anoxia?
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oxygen deprivation
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What are the risks for a premature baby?
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heightened risk of infant mortality from asphyzia and infections to SIDS (sudden infant death syndrom), as well as neurological and developmental problems.
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Discust post-partum depression. What is it?
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Persistent and severe mood changes during the postpartum period, involving feelings of despair and apathy and characterized by changes in appetite and sleep, low self-esteem and difficulty concentrating.
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