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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Organization of the ANS:
The basic efferent unit of both limbs of the ANS is a 2 neuron pathway, with the synapse located in a ... the preganglionic cell body is in the ... and the postganglionic cell body is in the ... Sympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in the ... and ... segments of the spinal cord. The parasympathetic preganglionic cells are in the ... and ... spinal cord. |
ganglion
CNS ganglion thoracic and upper lumbar brainstem and sacral |
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PNS - ... preganglionic fibers, ... postganglionic axons
SNS - ... preganglionic fibers, ... postganglionic axons |
long
short shorter longer |
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A further distinction is in the location of the ganglia and thus the postganglionic cell bodies.
The ... ganglia usually are near or on the surface of the target organ, and thus have very short postganglionic axons and highly specific distribution (ex. L vagus does the ... node mostly, while the R vagus does the ... node mostly) The ... ganglia lie alongside the spinal cord, although splanchnic nerve SNS neurons pass through paravertebral ganglion to synapse in the prevertebral ganglion The fact that PNS postganglionic efferents are short, tends to produce a more ... pattern of activity in the PNS. |
parasympathetic
AV SA sympathetic selective |
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the middle cervical ganglia innervates the ...
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heart
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Function of the Autonomic ganglia:
For both the SNS and the PNS, the synapse is ... and the receptor responsible for fast response on the postsynaptic cell is ... Activation of the ... receptor produces a fast EPSP there are also ... receptors, which inhibit a hyperpolarizing potassium current (called the M current), and this inhibition produces a slow, more sustained depolarization called a slow EPSP. |
cholinergic
nicotinic nicotinic muscarinic |
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Activiation of ... receptors – simultaneous conductance increase of both sodium and potassium. Causes a net depolarization. A fast EPSP.
... receptors – turning off an inhibition allows excitation. These receptors inhibit the M current, and therefore slow wave of depolarization. Slow EPSP. Makes it more sensitive (more responsive) to fast EPSP. |
Nicotinic
Muscarinic |
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Muscarinic and nicotinic are both ... receptors. They work in parallel. Muscarinic makes it more likely that the nicotinic will give you an AP.
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cholinergic
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what is the most predominant receptor type in all autonomic ganglia?
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nicotinic
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Which receptor type will have the most effect at the ganglia?
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nicotinic
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Neuroeffector Junctions in the ANS:
The postganglionic neurons of the PNS release ... at their junctions with effector organ cells. The receptor type at these junctions is ... on the effector cell. The transmitter’s effect on the effector cell depends upon what type of ion channel or second messenger system is associated with the receptor. |
acetylcholine
muscarinic |
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Neuroeffector Junctions in the ANS:
Most sympathetic postganglionic neurons release ...; in a few locations they release ... The receptors for norepinephrine on the target cells are called ... and fall into either α or β types, which are further characterized as α1 α2 β1 β2. |
norepinephrine
acetylcholine adrenergic |
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Presynaptic receptors usually inhibit transmitter release by the same neuron that released the transmitter; they serve to ... information about transmitter concentration and ... activity of the synapse.
In addition to association with ... (fast response, short latency), many effects of receptor activation are due to operation of ... (longer latency, more persistant). The effector cell may either depolarize or hyperpolarize depending on receptor and channel type, or may change function without a change of membrane potential. |
feedback
limit ion channels second messenger systems |
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If it’s a 2 synapse pathway, the first synapse secretes ... and is .... It is excitatory. Predominately fast EPSP. Mechanism is increased simultaneous conductance of sodium and potassium.
Second synapse depends upon the system. For parasympathetic, it’s ... (secretes ...), but receptor type is .... For Sympathetic, the 2nd is an ... synapse (secretes ...). Receptor types are predominately alpha1, beta1 or beta2. BUT, sometimes, ACh is released instead of NE. If it’s cholinergic, it will be a ... receptor. |
ACh
nicotinic cholinergic ACh muscarinic adrenergic NE muscarinic |
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look at slide 12
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ok
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baroreceptors:
high pressure - ... detectors low pressure - ... detectors |
pressure
volume |
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go through slides 13-17
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ok
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