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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hypertrophy:
Increase in cell ... resulting in an increase in organ size DOES NOT imply an increase in the ... of cells Can be physiologic or pathologic Occurs in ... cells (e.g. cardiac myocytes) -their only response to stress is to enlarge -Often seen in patients with ... |
size
number nondividing hypertension |
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look at slide 10 in lecture 15
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ok
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Hyperplasia:
Increase in the ... of cells in an organ or tissue typically resulting in an increased size of the organ or tissue May occur together with hypertrophy Can be physiologic or pathologic Occurs in cellular populations which are capable of ... |
number
mitosis |
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Left-sided heart failure:
... heart disease Hypertension ... and ... valve disease Myocardial disease |
Ischemic
Aortic and mitral |
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Pure right sided heart failure most often occurs with chronic pulmonary hypertension and is called ...
-consequence of left-sided failure |
cor pulmonale
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What is the most common cause of myocarditis in the USA?
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viruses
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Myocarditis:
Infectious Etiologic Agents -Viruses (most common cause in USA) *... A & B and other enteroviruses (most common agents) *Cytomegalovirus *HIV *Other |
Coxsackieviruses
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Myocarditis:
Infectious Etiologic Agents Parasites -... disease (Trypanosoma cruzi) *Endemic in Central and South America *Vector – Reduviid bug -... *Immunosuppressed *HIV patients -... *Consumption of raw or undercooked meat (pork) |
Chagas’
Toxoplasmosis Trichinosis |
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look at slide 33 in lecture 15
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ok
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look at slide 42 in lecture 15
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ok
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Which primary cardiac tumor is most common in adults and in general?
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myxoma
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which primary cardiac tumor is most common in children and infants?
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rhabdomyoma
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What is the most common primary malignant cardiac tumor?
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angiosarcoma
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Cardiac Myxoma:
Benign neoplasm Epidemiology -Most common ... heart tumor in adults -90% are in ... -left:right ratio = 4:1 -... in atrial septum is favored site -Sporadic and familial cases *Majority are ... |
primary
atria fossa ovalis sporadic |
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...:
Most common primary cardiac tumor in infants and children May be sporadic or associated with ... Some authors believe these are ... rather than neoplasms Typically on right or left side of heart protruding into ... chamber Associated with the potential for flow abnormalities if they grow to sufficient size to restrict the ventricular outflow tract May result in heart ... and/or heart failure |
Rhabdomyoma
tuberous sclerosis hamartomas ventricular murmur |
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...:
Most common primary malignant tumor of the heart Most frequent site is the ... but any chamber can be the site of origin Plain radiography may show cardiac enlargement and/or abnormal cardiac contour Echocardiography and CT may demonstrate mass ... best for demonstrating tumor extent |
angiosarcoma
right atrium MRI |
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Angiosarcoma:
Gross: bulky infiltrating mass with variable ...-... coloration and areas of ... and necrosis Histology: usually poorly differentiated; anastomosing vascular channels forming ... sinusoids lined by atypical cells; patterns include spindle cell, angiomatous, undifferentiated/solid; prominent mitotic activity; hemorrhage and ... common |
pink-red
hemorrhage dilated necrosis |
