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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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...:
This is the earliest recognizable RBC precursor. It originates from a stem cell (the identity of which is still a matter of dispute). |
proerythroblast (pronormoblasts)
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proerythroblast:
If tissues are receiving low levels of O2, then the rate at which proerythroblasts develop from stem cells ... |
increases
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what is the earliest cell to incorporate iron for the production of hemoglobin?
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proerythroblast
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proerythroblast:
Cytoplasm - small in amount and slightly.... The ... is due to many free polyribosomes for globin synthesis. (Mitochondria synthesize heme and attach it to the globin). |
basophilic
basophilia |
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...:
The proerythroblast divides and the daughter cells mature to form this, usually distinguishable, cell. Size: 16-20u (slightly smaller than the proerythroblast). |
Basophilic Erythroblast (early normoblast)
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basophilic erythroblast:
Cytoplasm: This is characteristically deeply basophilic due to the great abundance of .... Nucleus: The chromatin is more condensed and clumped and the nucleoli are no longer obvious. The nucleus is smaller. |
polyribosomes
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...:
The basophilic erythroblast divides and the daughter cells mature to form this characteristic cell (which may also divide). Size: 9-12um. |
Polychromatophilic erythroblast (intermediate normoblast)
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Polychromatophilic erythroblast:
Cytoplasm: Stains blue-pink due to the increasing amount of ... which now is distinguishable by staining. There is a decrease in ... and thereby decrease basophilia. |
hemoglobin
polyribosomes |
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...:
Develops by transformation, not mitosis, from preceding stage. Size: 8-9um. |
Orthochromatic erythroblast (late normoblast or normoblasts)
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orthochromatic erythroblast:
Cytoplasm: Pink staining due to near full amount of .... Most cell organelles are gone. Nucleus: Dense, pyknotic, or fragmented. |
hemoglobin
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...:
Equal in number to all other nucleated precursors. They are stored for 2-4 days and then released, but in peripheral blood it takes about 1 day to form an RBC. |
Reticulocyte
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Granulopoiesis:
... = no cytoplasmic granules ... = first azurophilic granules being secreted in golgi zone. Developed golgi complex. ... = Moderate number of azurophilic granules and initial secretion of specific granules in golgi zone. Developed golgi complex. ... = abundant specific granules and few azurophilic granules. atrophic golgi complex. |
myeloblast
promyelocyte myelocyte metamyelocyte |
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Promyelocyte:
Azure granules appear. These are basophilic staining ... and their presence distinguishes the promyelocyte from the myeloblast. Nucleus: Is large, nucleoli are prominent. |
lysosomes
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metamyelocyte:
Derived from the myelocyte by division and subsequent maturation. These represent about ...% of the nucleated marrow cells. |
20
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...:
Similar to the metamyelocyte but nucleus is usually more elongated or thinned out. Specific granules are abundant, azure granules are fewer. Infection might be occurring if you see a lot of these. Indicates more white blood cells are forming |
Juvenile (BAND OR STAB)
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Large numbers of mature granulocytes are stored in the ... prior to their release.
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bone marrow
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granulocyte:
There are about ... times as many mature granulocytes stored in the bone marrow as there are in the circulating blood. |
20
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...:
are large polyploid (4N-64N) cells Their maturation and differentiation involves DNA replication ... cell division. |
Megakaryocytes
without |
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megakaryocytes:
Cytoplasm: It is arranged in 3 zones as seen by electron microscopy. ... zone - has many ribosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum and a large Golgi zone ... - this is the widest zone where platelet demarcation membranes form by fusion of rows of vesicles to separate areas of cytoplasm ... zone - thinnest zone with few organelles |
perinuclear
middle outer |
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each megakaryocyte can produce thousands of ...
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platelets
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There is now compelling support that ... exerts primary control over erythropoiesis. *
... (or its precursor) is produced largely in the ... and is activated when combined with a plasma factor. It acts primarily upon stem cells, probably the committed stem cell, initiating hemoglobin synthesis and differentiation to the recognizable .... |
erythropoietin
Erythropoietin kidney proerythroblast |
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... is the fundamental erythropoietic stimulus (mediated by ...). *
Decreased O2 carrying capacity of the blood is responded to by the kidney which produces the ... which acts upon the stem cells. These in turn produce additional RBCs and restore the O2 carrying capacity. |
Hypoxia
erythropoietin erythropoietin |
