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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Criminal Justice Process |
Crime Stage: Detect Arrest Stage: Investigate Prosecution: Charge Trial: Proving Corrections: Punish |
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Booking |
Happens during Arrest Stage while in Custody Fingerprinting, official record of charges |
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Preliminary Trial |
Happens during Prosecution Stage Answer to charges, most common Involves prosecuting and defense attorney |
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Cesare Beccaria |
Father of the Classical School |
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Classical School |
"Born Bad Theory"= crime product of free will Crime is a rational act cost-benefit= pros vs. cons of crime |
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Lombroso |
Father of the Positivist School |
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Positivist School |
"Born Good" Crime is a biological cause |
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Atavism |
a person who is less evolved, a modern savage Lombroso believed criminals could be identified by their physical features |
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Social Norms |
Informal: Folkways (least sanctioned, ex: cutting in line), Mores (moderately sanctioned ex: using racial slurs = labeled racist by others) Formal: Laws (most sanctioned, ex: punch someone = get arrested) |
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Asocial Offender |
suffers from severe mental illness not in touch w/reality hallucinations delusions |
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Anti-Social Offender |
personality disorders in touch w/reality plans out criminal acts used in FBI profiling system Ed Kemper? |
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Culture Conflict Theory |
crime is the product of learning wrong norms "group definition" of crime |
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Culture Consensus Theory |
group fails to socialize an individual aka "control theory" everyone has the same norms, some just have weak control |
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Tithing |
10 Families responsible for each other Tithing Man: Hue and Cry (yell and cry to catch a criminal) |
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Hundred |
10 Tithings grouped in a 100 constable appointed to watch over them |
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Shire |
Group of 10 hundreds into a shire shire reeve in charge Power of Community |
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Robert Peel |
Father of modern British Policing |
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August Vollmer |
Father of modern American Policing U.S. Berkeley |
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Qualifications for British Police |
Must be: Male Less than 35 years old 5'11'' |
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Three Eras of American Policing |
Political/Corruption Era Professional/Reform Community Era |
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Texas State Rangers |
First State Agency Known for Bonnie and Clyde Ambush |
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U.S. Agencies as they developed |
1. U.S. Marshals 2. U.S. Postal Inspector 3. Secret Service 4. FBI 5. Bureau of Narcotics 6. Homeland Security |
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CA Police formed because of what riots? |
Hounds Riots originally started as a vigilante movement |
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San Francisco |
Had first police force |
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Kansas City Preventative Patrol Experiment |
Full of error Does routine patrol deter crime? |
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Problem-Oriented Policing |
Proactive S.A.R.A. Model Scanning Analysis Response Assessment |
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Reasonable Suspicion |
reason to suspect a crime has been/is committed |
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Probable Cause |
reasonable belief a crime has been committed |
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Police Discretion |
Letter of the Law: Low Discretion Spirit of the Law: High Discretion |
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Operation Culdesac |
stop drive by shootings LAPD |
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Order Maintenance vs. Law Enforcement |
Order Maintenance: handle problems informally Law Enforcement: use citations and arrest |
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Three Types of Officers |
Watchman: high discretion, order maintenance Service: uses both order and law enforcement, medium discretion Legalistic: law enforcement over order maintenance, low to no discretion |
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Broken Windows Theory |
James Q. Wilson Decaying communities increase crime activity small crimes lead to larger crimes criminals feel "community doesn't care" |
