Exam 1

Front 1

Oceanography

Back 1

The story of the ocean.

Front 2

Solar Nebula

Back 2

(Thin cloud) earth and its ocean formed as an indirect result of a supernova explosion from which our sun and its planets formed. was probably struck by the shock wave and some matter of an expanding supernova remnant.

Front 3

Density

Back 3

Is an expression of the relative heaviness of a substance. It is defined as the mass per unit volume, usually expressed as grams per cubic centimeters.

Front 4

Latitude

Back 4

Lines drawn parallel to the equator.

Front 5

Longitude

Back 5

Lines running from pole to pole.

Front 6

Crust

Back 6

The outermost solid layer of earth. Composed mostly of granite and basalt. The top of the lithosphere.

Front 7

Core

Back 7

The innermost layer of earth. Composed primarily of iron, with nickel and heavy elements. The inner core is thought to be a solid 11,000 F sphere, the outer core is a 9,000F liquid mass.

Front 8

Mantle

Back 8

The layer of earth between the crust and the core. Composed of silicates of iron and magnesium. The mantle has an average density of about 4.5 g/cm3 and accounts for about 68% of the earth's mass.

Front 9

Lithosphere

Back 9

The brittle, relatively cool outer layer of Earth. Consisting of the oceanic and continental crust and the outermost rigid layer of the mantle.

Front 10

Mesosphere

Back 10

The rigid inner mantle similar in chemical composition to the asthenosphere.

Front 11

Asthenosphere

Back 11

The hot plastic layer of the upper mantle below the lithosphere, extending some 350-650 kilometers (220-400 miles) below the surface. Convection currents within the asthenosphere power plate tectonics.

Front 12

Outer core

Back 12

A fluid layer about 2,300 km (1,400 miles) thick and composed mostly of iron and nickel that lies above Earth's solid inner core and below its mantle.

Front 13

Equator

Back 13

0 latitude, an imaginary line equidistant from the geographical poles.

Front 14

Equator

Back 14

0 latitude, an imaginary line equidistant from the geographical poles.

Front 15

Inner core

Back 15

Earth's innermost part, believed to be primarily a solid ball with a radius of about 1220 km or 768 miles. Composed of iron-nickel alloy and some light elements. Temperatures at the inner core is approximately 570" kelvin.

Front 16

Prime Meridian

Back 16

A line of longitude in a geographical coordinate system at which longitude is defined as 0. Together a prime meridian and its anti-meridian form a great circle. This great circle divides the sphere, e.g. The earth into two hemispheres.