Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are some “red flags” in a patient’s history that indicate they are at risk for Acute Respiratory Failure?
|
Smoking History
Previous Pulmonary Disease Age Obesity Anemia, Acidosis, Trauma, Hypovolemia |
|
|
What would the ABGs look like for a patient in Acute Respiratory Failure?
|
Ph Acidotic
PO2 < 50 PCO2 > 50 |
|
|
Definition of ARDS
|
ARDS is a clinical syndrome in which there is an increase in the capillary permeability leading to lungs that are heavy, wet, congested, hemorrhagic, stiff, and unable to diffuse oxygen. ARDS is a form of pulmonary insufficiency that develops in the aftermath of a shock or shock-like state.
|
|
|
Treatment of ARDS
|
Treatment
Treat the Hypoxia Monitoring Parameters Drug Therapy Fluid Management Psychosocial Support |
|
|
Of all the Precipitating Factors for ARDS which are the highest correlators?
|
Sepsis
Aspiration Multiple blood transfusions Bone Fx Prolonged hypotension Burns Pancreatitis Focal Pneumonia Pulmonary Contusion |
|
|
Why do Microthrombi form in the lungs with ARDS
|
Platlets aggugate in lungs
|
|
|
List 5 Clinical manifestations of ARDS
|
Change in level of consciousness
Tachycardia Grunting respiration Hypoxia Respiratory Alkulosis Metabolic Acidosis |
|
|
Why is PEEP used in ARDS
|
To decrease shunting
increase ventilation |
|
|
5 Complications of ARDS
|
Pulmonary complication- pneumothorax
Cardiac Superinfection Neurologica Hepatic |
|
|
What are three lung disease characterized as ARDS
|
Asthma Bronchitis and Empysema
|
|
|
COPD is characterized by difficult
|
breathing
|
|
|
What is the primary cause of COPD
|
smoking exposure to irritants
|
|
|
What are 4 Pathophysiiological changes occur with COPD
|
Chronic inflamation
Excessive secretions Increased air space elaticicty narrowing of airways |
|
|
Name 2 ways the body compensates for COPD
|
Polycythemia and Cor Pulmonae
|
|
|
Emphysema leads to the compensatory mechanisms of Polycythemia and Cor Pulmonale.
Why? |
Platlet agulation due to lack of hgb and that leads to blockage
|
|
|
List 3 Long term problems with COPD
|
Respiratory failure, Cor Pulmonae
Polycytothemia Arrythmia |
|
|
Describe the patho of emphysema
|
air gets in not out of ape of lungs
|
|
|
state 3 clinical manifestations of emphysema
|
Barrel Chest
cynosis Clubbing |
|
|
3 treatments of Emphysema
|
Bronchodialators
Sedation Lung volume reduction CPT |
|
|
State the pathophysiology of Bronchitus
|
inflamation and narrowing of airways and fluid
|
|
|
How do the clinical manifestation of brochitis differ from emphysema
|
excessive expectoration cough all of which occurs a long time and reoccurs frequently
|
|
|
Asthma is a condition of ____ ____ of the air passages to a certain_____
|
Asthma is a condition of abnormal responsiveness of the air passages to a certain substance
|
|
|
Asthma results from a reaction to a certain allergen like ____. _____, _____, or_____
|
Dust Pollen Animals or Food
|
|
|
5 clinical manifestations of Asthma
|
SOB
Cough Chest sourness Wheezing Cyanosis |
|
|
When Weezing is not heard in Asthmatic is this a cause for concern
|
Yest especially during attack
|
|
|
Define Sleep Apnea
|
Cessation of Airflow through nose or Mout 10 seconds or longer
|
|
|
List 3 types of Sleep Apnea and describe each
|
1) Obstructive-pickwickean
2) Central-brain strke 3) Mixed-fat stroke |
|
|
How is Sleep Apnea diagnosed
|
History or Sleep Studies
|
|
|
How is sleep apnea treated
|
by type
Obstructive- Cpap ro Bipap Central:Aminophel |
|
|
Define cystic fibrosis
|
Disorder of ceocrine glands that produce thick mucous
|
|
|
All of the following are causes of Bronchitis EXCEPT
Air Pollution Allergies Smoking Inhalation of irritants |
Allergies
|
|
|
You are assessing your patient in the ED admitted with an acute asthma attack. Which the following clinical manifestations would you be most concerned about?
Tachycardia Tachypnea Anxiety No sounds of wheezing |
No sounds of wheezing
|
|
|
What 3 glands are most affected by cystic fibrosis
|
The glands most affected are the respiratory, pancreatic and sweat glands.
|
|
|
Tor F
CF results from a dysfunction of the endocrne system |
True
|
|
|
Tor F CF affects the pulmonary and renal system
|
F Hepatic Pulmonary epithelial pancreotic reproductive
|
|
|
T or F CF affects boys and girls equally
|
T
|
|
|
Tor F death from CF is most commonly caused by renal failure
|
F Cardiac and respiratory failure
|
|
|
Describe the daignossi and treatment of CF
|
Antibiotics CPT drugs to thin mucuous Sweet test determines it
|
