Evs Lab

Front 1

Pecentage of Salt Water

Back 1

Saltwater = 97.2%

Front 2

Percentage of Fresh Water

Back 2

= 2.8%

Front 3

Hypoxia

Back 3

– little or no O2
(<2 mg/l dissolved oxygen DO) and little or no marine life

Front 4

Point Source

Back 4

single identifiable source that discharges pollutants into the environment. Ex.
Smokestack, exhaust pipe, drainpipe

Front 5

Non-Point Source

Back 5

arge or dispersed land areas that discharge pollutants into the
environment over large area. Ex. Agricultural lands, golf course, streets

Front 6

Stormwater

Back 6

surface water runoff that flows into storm sewers or surface waters
(A non-point source pollutant and the worst source of pollution in N.C./U.S.)

Front 7

What is water pollution?

Back 7

Degradation of water quality as measured by physical, chemical, and biological
criteria. Criteria consider the intended use of the water such as departure from
the norm, effects on public health, and ecological impacts.

Front 8

Major pollutants are:

Back 8

1. Oxygen demanding waste (BOD)
2. Pathogens (FC bacteria counts)
3. Nutrients (lead to eutrophication)
4. Oils
5. Toxic substances (organic and inorganic compounds)
6. Heavy metals
7. Radioactive materials
8. Thermal
9. Sediment
10. Odor

Front 9

Problematic pollutants:

Back 9

Fecal
bacteria, low dissolved oxygen in
tributaries and the upper lake, algal
blooms (UNCW Water Monitoring)

Front 10

Clean Water Act

Back 10

requires large and medium sized towns across the United States to take steps to reduce
polluted stormwater runoff. The law was applied in two phases. The first phase addressed large cities. The second phase,
often referred to as ”Phase II,” requires medium and small cities, fast growing cities and those located near sensitive waters
to take steps to reduce stormwater. In North Carolina, Phase II laws took effect in 2005

Front 11

Clean Water Act in NC

Back 11

1) Conduct outreach and education about polluted stormwater runoff.
2) Provide opportunities for residents to participate and be involved in conversations
and activities related to reducing polluted stormwater runoff.
3) Detect illicit discharges (e.g. straight piping or dumping).
4) Control construction site runoff.
5) Control post-construction runoff.
6) Perform municipal housekeeping (e.g. take steps to prevent runoff from city
buildings and activities.

Front 12

(CERCLA)

Back 12

Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability
Act (CERCLA) was passed that holds
polluters accountable for their actions –
Superfund Legislation

Front 13

Point Source – .

Back 13

single identifiable source that discharges pollutants into the environment. Ex

Front 14

Non-Point Source –

Back 14

large or dispersed land areas that discharge pollutants into the
environment over large area. Ex. Agricultural lands, golf course, streets

Front 15

Stormwater

Back 15

surface water runoff that flows into storm sewers or surface waters
(A non-point source pollutant and the worst source of pollution in N.C./U.S.)

Front 16

What is the difference between Jetties and other groins?

Back 16

• A jetty is a navigation structure solely designed to control channel shoaling, position,
and alignment.
• A terminal groin is a shore protection structure which can provide some navigation
benefits

Front 17

Terminal Groin Pro Arguement

Back 17

it protects select vulnerable inlets

Front 18

Terminal Groin Con Arguement

Back 18

any hard structure impacts the beach elsewhere.

Front 19

What does CAFO stand for

Back 19

concentrated animal feeding operations

Front 20

Why is CAFO an issue?

Back 20

because of the potential for run off, particular if the ground water is already saturated.

Front 21

percentage of fresh vs saltwater on earth and its impacts on our drinking water supply:

Back 21

it will likely be the issue of this century as there is no more water being created but the population is expected to grow massively.

Front 22

percentage of fresh vs saltwater

Back 22

here is 97.2% Salt Water and about 2.8% freshwater, 2.15% of water is glaciers and that is freshwater.

Front 23

What does CERLA stand for?

Back 23

comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

Front 24

What does CERLA do?

Back 24

was passed that holds polluters accountable for their actions –

Front 25

Are groins located at the inlet?

Back 25

no

Front 26

Are groins allowed in NC?

Back 26

no, except for the ones grandfathered in.

Front 27

What do groins do? And what do they look like?

Back 27

ow, narrow, hardened jetty-like feature perpendicular to the shoreline that is designed to trap sand and is not located at the inlet.

Front 28

what do terminal groins do?

Back 28

relatively new term for a low slung structure at the ends of islands to catch sand; a protective device for selected areas.

Front 29

How many terminal groins are in NC

Back 29

There are two in NC. One in Fort Macon and one in Pea Island.

Front 30

What does a sea wall do?

Back 30

coast parallel hard structure connected to shoreline to protect shore from waves.

Front 31

Are sea walls allowed in NC

Back 31

these are banned in NC except for those grandfather in or for the protection of significant structures such as Fort Fisher.