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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is a theory?
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a widely accepted hypothesis
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what is a law?
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it has more credibility than a theory
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what is a hypothesis?
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it is an educated guess, or a possible explanation
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what is an observation?
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something observed
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what is a the most credible:
law, theory, hypothesis |
law
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what is the least credible:
law, theory, hypothesis |
hypothesis
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What is the first step to the scientific method of problem solving?
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(A) making observations
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what is the second step to the scientific method of problem solving?
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(b) forming hypothesis
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what is the third step to the scientific method of problem solving?
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(c) making predictions from hypothesis
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what is the fourth step of the scientific method of problem solving?
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(d) testing those predictions, if they are not correct go back to step (a)
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what are mutations?
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mutations are random abnormal genetic changes
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how do mutations affect populations?
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mutations change the different survivalness of a population.
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how are mutation related to evolution?
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when a whole population changes due to a mutation, that is called evolutioon
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what organelles in the cell contain DNA?
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nucleus and mitochondrion
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what are mitosis and meiosis?
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mitosis is basic cell division. This was probably similar to the way one celled organisms in the beginning reporduced. Meisosi is used to create sex cell gametes.
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How do mitosis and meiosis differ?
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Mitosis is used to create diploid cells (as in holding two chromosomes).
Meiosis is used to create haploid cells or gametes (one chromosome). |
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What is the first stage of cell division and what happens in it?
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1st Stage: Prophase- DNA condenses into chromosomes
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What is the second stage of cell division and what happens in it?
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2nd stage: Metaphase- Chromosomes line up along equatorial plane
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What is the third stage of cell division and what happens in it?
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3rd stage: Anaphase- Seperatioon of centromeres
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What is the fourth stage of cell division and what happens in it?
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4th stage: Telephase- chromosomes uncoil. Nuclear envelope reforms
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Where does the crossing occur?
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at the chiasmata
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What are chiasmata?
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the point at which chromatids exchange genetic material, usually visible within the first stages of Prophase 1.
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what are gametes?
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gametes are sex cells, specifically sperm and egg cells
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What are their characteristics (N or 2N) and how are they formed?
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Gametes are characteristic to haplod cells and tehy are formed through meiosis.
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How many chromosomes do humans normally possess?
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46 chromosomes per human cell
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Who articulated the basic laws of genetics?
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Greger Medel-1860s
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What is a genotype?
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A genotype are the alleles possed by an organism
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What is a phenotype?
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A phenotype is a chemical/physical results of a genetic code
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What is chorionic cillus sampling?
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a test to check for genetic abnormalities. higher risk of miscarriage then with aminocentisis. In this case, they remove cells that will form the placenta
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What is amniocentesis?
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a test that helps deduce genetic abnormality i children. Fral cells are taken from the womb, and chekced for disorders.
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